Department of Biotechnology and Biophysics, Julius Maximilian University Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.
Institute of Hygiene and Microbiology, Julius Maximilian University Würzburg, 97080, Würzburg, Germany.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2017 May 22;56(22):6131-6135. doi: 10.1002/anie.201700570. Epub 2017 Apr 5.
The sphingolipid ceramide regulates cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation, growth arrest, and apoptosis. Ceramide-rich membrane areas promote structural changes within the plasma membrane that segregate membrane receptors and affect membrane curvature and vesicle formation, fusion, and trafficking. Ceramides were labeled by immunocytochemistry to visualize their distribution on the plasma membrane of different cells with virtually molecular resolution by direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (dSTORM). Super-resolution images show that independent of labeling conditions and cell type 50-60 % of all membrane ceramides are located in ceramide-rich platforms (CRPs) with a size of about 75 nm that are composed of at least about 20 ceramides. Treatment of cells with Bacillus cereus sphingomyelinase (bSMase) increases the overall ceramide concentration in the plasma membrane, the quantity of CRPs, and their size. Simultaneously, the ceramide concentration in CRPs increases approximately twofold.
神经酰胺是一种鞘脂，调节细胞分化、增殖、生长停滞和凋亡等过程。富含神经酰胺的膜区域促进质膜内的结构变化，使膜受体分隔开，并影响膜曲率和囊泡的形成、融合和运输。通过直接随机光学重建显微镜（dSTORM），用免疫细胞化学对神经酰胺进行标记，以近乎分子分辨率可视化不同细胞的质膜上神经酰胺的分布。超分辨率图像显示，无论标记条件和细胞类型如何，约 50-60%的所有膜神经酰胺都位于大小约为 75nm 的神经酰胺丰富平台（CRPs）中，这些平台由至少约 20 个神经酰胺组成。用蜡状芽孢杆菌鞘磷脂酶（bSMase）处理细胞会增加质膜中神经酰胺的总浓度、CRPs 的数量及其大小。同时，CRPs 中的神经酰胺浓度增加了约两倍。
