Michishita Ryoma, Matsuda Takuro, Kawakami Shotaro, Tanaka Satoshi, Kiyonaga Akira, Tanaka Hiroaki, Morito Natsumi, Higaki Yasuki
Department of Health Development, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan; The Fukuoka University Institute for Physical Activity, Fukuoka, Japan.
The Fukuoka University Institute for Physical Activity, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Rehabilitation, Fukuoka University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
J Epidemiol. 2017 Aug;27(8):389-397. doi: 10.1016/j.je.2016.08.013. Epub 2017 Apr 3.
This study was designed to evaluate whether changes in lifestyle behaviors are correlated with the incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD).
The subjects consisted of 316 men without a history of cardiovascular disease, stroke, or renal dysfunction or dialysis treatment. The following lifestyle behaviors were evaluated using a standardized self-administered questionnaire: habitual moderate exercise, daily physical activity, walking speed, eating speed, late-night dinner, bedtime snacking, skipping breakfast, and drinking and smoking habits. The subjects were divided into four categories according to the change in each lifestyle behavior from baseline to the end of follow-up (healthy-healthy, unhealthy-healthy, healthy-unhealthy and unhealthy-unhealthy).
A multivariate analysis showed that, with respect to habitual moderate exercise and late-night dinner, maintaining an unhealthy lifestyle resulted in a significantly higher odds ratio (OR) for the incidence of CKD than maintaining a lifestyle (OR 8.94; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10-15.40 for habitual moderate exercise and OR 4.00; 95% CI, 1.38-11.57 for late-night dinner). In addition, with respect to bedtime snacking, the change from a healthy to an unhealthy lifestyle and maintaining an unhealthy lifestyle resulted in significantly higher OR for incidence of CKD than maintaining a healthy lifestyle (OR 4.44; 95% CI, 1.05-13.93 for healthy-unhealthy group and OR 11.02; 95% CI, 2.83-26.69 for unhealthy-unhealthy group).
The results of the present study suggest that the lack of habitual moderate exercise, late-night dinner, and bedtime snacking may increase the risk of CKD.
本研究旨在评估生活方式行为的变化是否与慢性肾脏病（CKD）的发病率相关。
研究对象为316名无心血管疾病、中风、肾功能不全或透析治疗史的男性。使用标准化的自填问卷评估以下生活方式行为：习惯性适度运动、日常身体活动、步行速度、进食速度、晚餐过晚、睡前吃零食、不吃早餐以及饮酒和吸烟习惯。根据从基线到随访结束时每种生活方式行为的变化，将研究对象分为四类（健康 - 健康、不健康 - 健康、健康 - 不健康和不健康 - 不健康）。
多变量分析显示，就习惯性适度运动和晚餐过晚而言，保持不健康的生活方式导致CKD发病的优势比（OR）显著高于保持健康的生活方式（习惯性适度运动的OR为8.94；95%置信区间[CI]为1.10 - 15.40，晚餐过晚的OR为4.00；95%CI为1.38 - 11.57）。此外，就睡前吃零食而言，从健康生活方式转变为不健康生活方式以及保持不健康生活方式导致CKD发病的OR显著高于保持健康生活方式（健康 - 不健康组的OR为4.44；95%CI为1.05 - 13.93，不健康 - 不健康组的OR为11.02；95%CI为2.83 - 26.69）。
本研究结果表明，缺乏习惯性适度运动、晚餐过晚和睡前吃零食可能会增加CKD的风险。
