Ahn Jung-Won
Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea.
Asian Nurs Res (Korean Soc Nurs Sci). 2017 Mar;11(1):65-73. doi: 10.1016/j.anr.2017.03.001. Epub 2017 Mar 21.
This study aimed to construct and test a hypothetical model including factors related to the cultural competence of nurses caring for foreign patients. The transcultural nursing immersion experience model and anxiety/uncertainty management theory were used to verify the paths between the variables. The exogenous variables were multicultural experience, ethnocentric attitude, and organizational cultural competence support. The endogenous variables were intercultural anxiety, intercultural uncertainty, coping strategy, and cultural competence.
Participants were 275 nurses working in general hospitals in Seoul and Kyung-Gi Do, Korea. Each nurse in this study had experience of caring for over 10 foreign patients. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed with SPSS statistical software with the added AMOS module.
The overall fitness indices of the hypothetical model were a good fit. Multicultural experience, ethnocentric attitude, organizational cultural competence support, and intercultural uncertainty were found to have a direct and indirect effect on the cultural competence of nurses while coping strategy only had a direct effect. Intercultural anxiety did not have a significant effect on cultural competence. This model explained 59.1% of the variance in the nurses' cultural competence when caring for foreign patients.
Nurses' cultural competence can be developed by offering multicultural nursing education, increasing direct/indirect multicultural experience, and sharing problem-solving experience to promote the coping ability of nurses. Organizational support can be achieved by preparing relevant personnel and resources. Subsequently, the quality of nursing care for foreign patients' will be ultimately improved.
本研究旨在构建并检验一个假设模型，该模型包含与护理外国患者的护士文化能力相关的因素。采用跨文化护理沉浸式体验模型和焦虑/不确定性管理理论来验证变量之间的路径。外生变量为多元文化体验、民族中心主义态度和组织文化能力支持。内生变量为跨文化焦虑、跨文化不确定性、应对策略和文化能力。
参与者为韩国首尔和京畿道综合医院的275名护士。本研究中的每位护士都有护理过10名以上外国患者的经验。使用结构化问卷收集数据，并使用添加了AMOS模块的SPSS统计软件进行分析。
假设模型的整体适配指数拟合良好。多元文化体验、民族中心主义态度、组织文化能力支持和跨文化不确定性对护士的文化能力有直接和间接影响，而应对策略仅有直接影响。跨文化焦虑对文化能力没有显著影响。该模型解释了护士护理外国患者时文化能力差异的59.1%。
可以通过提供多元文化护理教育、增加直接/间接多元文化体验以及分享解决问题的经验来提高护士的应对能力，从而培养护士的文化能力。通过准备相关人员和资源可实现组织支持。随后，外国患者的护理质量将最终得到提高。
