Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Public Health, Temple University.
Am J Orthopsychiatry. 2017;87(5):597-605. doi: 10.1037/ort0000269. Epub 2017 Apr 10.
Understanding age-related expectations for community participation can aid mental health providers and policy makers in the design and tailoring of age-appropriate services to better meet consumers' participation needs. This study seeks to describe and compare the amount, importance, and sufficiency of community participation in younger adult, middle-aged adult, and older adult consumers. Participants were 879 adults with serious mental illnesses who completed the Temple University Community Participation Measure as part of several studies (only baseline data were analyzed). One-way analysis of variance tests and chi-square analyses were used to evaluate the effect of age group on community participation outcomes. The amount and importance of participation in specific participation areas differed across age groups in developmentally appropriate ways. For older adults, a greater percentage of areas considered important were done enough, and fewer participation days were needed in certain areas for participation to be considered sufficient. Consumers reported participating in the community to meet basic needs (e.g., running errands), but participation appeared lower in areas typically identified as important to various age groups across the life span (e.g., working). Results support the use of developmental frameworks for delivering mental health services and identify particular areas of community participation that policy and practice efforts might focus on to help individuals participate to a greater degree in areas that are important to them. Implications for policy making, program evaluation, and individual interventions are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record
了解与年龄相关的社区参与期望，可以帮助心理健康服务提供者和政策制定者设计和定制适合年龄的服务，以更好地满足消费者的参与需求。本研究旨在描述和比较年轻成年人、中年成年人和老年人消费者的社区参与数量、重要性和充足性。参与者为 879 名患有严重精神疾病的成年人，他们作为多项研究的一部分完成了天普大学社区参与衡量标准（仅分析了基线数据）。采用单因素方差检验和卡方分析评估年龄组对社区参与结果的影响。在特定参与领域的参与数量和重要性在不同年龄组中以发展适当的方式存在差异。对于老年人，更多被认为重要的领域已经做得足够多，而在某些领域，需要更少的参与天数才能认为参与是充足的。消费者报告参与社区活动是为了满足基本需求（例如，跑腿），但在某些通常被认为对整个生命周期的不同年龄组都很重要的领域（例如，工作）的参与度较低。研究结果支持使用发展框架来提供心理健康服务，并确定政策和实践工作可能需要关注的特定社区参与领域，以帮助个人在对他们重要的领域中更大程度地参与。讨论了对政策制定、项目评估和个人干预的影响。
