School of Health and Social Studies, JAMK University of Applied Sciences, Jyvaskyla, Finland.
Department of Nursing Science, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Int J Older People Nurs. 2017 Sep;12(3). doi: 10.1111/opn.12152. Epub 2017 Apr 10.
To investigate what prevents undergraduate nursing students from choosing gerontological nursing as a career option.
This study utilised an integrative literature review, which allows the inclusion of previous studies with diverse research designs to gain a broader view of the reasons why nursing students do not choose a gerontological nursing career.
An electronic database search of CINAHL (Ebsco), Scopus and Eric elicited 251 scientific peer-reviewed empirical studies, published from 2006 to March 2016 in English. After meeting the inclusion criteria, 97 qualified for closer examination. Following exclusion, the final analysis and synthesis included 21 articles.
Four main themes described nursing students' contributing reasons for not selecting gerontological nursing as a career option: socio-demographic factors; experiences, perceptions and knowledge about ageing; perceptions concerning the nature or status of gerontological nursing; and theoretical studies and practical education of nursing curriculum.
Lack of positive experiences with older people before and during nursing students' studies led to their disinterest in gerontological nursing as a career option. The nursing curriculum also reinforces the perception of modern nursing as technical, with more emphasis on acute and critical care. The findings emphasise the need to implement an age-friendly curriculum and have nurses that specialise in gerontology to serve as mentors and role models. It is important to assist nursing students in identifying the potentials for career advancement in terms of gerontological nursing. There is also a need for nursing faculties to liaise with other stakeholders to develop or improve upon the clinical atmosphere for nursing students during gerontological nursing placement.
Nursing faculties must review their curriculum to ensure that there is sufficient focus on the needs of older people within the curriculum for every student. Furthermore, respected role models who are knowledgeable and enthusiastic about issues related to older people must teach gerontological nursing courses.
探讨是什么因素阻碍了本科护理学生选择老年护理作为职业选择。
本研究采用了综合文献回顾，允许纳入具有不同研究设计的先前研究，以更全面地了解护理学生为何不选择老年护理职业的原因。
通过 CINAHL（Ebsco）、Scopus 和 Eric 电子数据库搜索，共检索到 2006 年至 2016 年 3 月期间以英文发表的 251 项科学同行评议的实证研究。在符合纳入标准后，有 97 项符合进一步检查的要求。经过排除，最终分析和综合包括 21 篇文章。
四个主要主题描述了护理学生不选择老年护理作为职业选择的原因：社会人口因素；对衰老的经验、看法和知识；对老年护理性质或地位的看法；以及护理课程的理论研究和实践教育。
护理学生在学习之前和期间缺乏与老年人的积极经验，导致他们对老年护理作为职业选择不感兴趣。护理课程也强化了现代护理是技术性的观念，更强调急性和重症护理。研究结果强调需要实施一个对老年人友好的课程，并让专门从事老年学的护士担任导师和榜样。重要的是要帮助护理学生认识到老年护理职业发展的潜力。护理教师还需要与其他利益相关者联系，以在老年护理实习期间为护理学生改善临床氛围。
护理教师必须审查他们的课程，以确保每个学生的课程都有足够的重点关注老年人的需求。此外，必须有知识渊博、对与老年人相关的问题充满热情的受人尊敬的榜样来教授老年护理课程。
