School of Nursing, University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.
Nurse Educ Pract. 2019 Aug;39:1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.nepr.2019.07.006. Epub 2019 Jul 16.
The ageing population and growing burden of chronic disease has increased demands for primary health care services, necessitating growth of this nursing workforce. Studies have explored strategies in retaining nurses, employment conditions in primary health care, and transitioning of acute care nurses to primary health care employment. Few studies have explored how undergraduate nursing students perceive and are prepared to work in this sector.
This review synthesises evidence on the impact of undergraduate curriculum on nursing students' attitudes, perceptions and preparedness to work in primary health care.
An integrative literature review guided the synthesis of evidence.
Scopus, ScienceDirect, CINAHL and MEDLINE were searched for relevant studies published between 2008 and 2018.
491 studies were identified from the database searches. Following the removal of duplicates, review of abstracts and keywords against the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 39 papers were subjected to full-text review. Twelve papers, including one thesis, met the inclusion criteria. Using an appraisal system, no paper was excluded based on methodological quality.
Three themes were identified, namely: impact of curricula; knowledge and attitudes to primary health care; and students' intention to work in primary health care. The preparation of undergraduate nursing students to work in this area is inconsistent as curricula remain acute-care focussed. Negative perceptions about the primary health care nursing role impact intentions of nursing students to work in primary health care.
This review highlights a need to implement strategies to improve the understanding of undergraduate nurses around the primary health care nursing role. In particular, providing students with skills, knowledge and an understanding of working in this area through curriculum content and structure may provide undergraduates with the desire and confidence to seek employment in primary health care following graduation.
人口老龄化和慢性病负担的增加增加了对初级卫生保健服务的需求，这就需要增加护理人员。研究已经探讨了保留护士的策略、初级卫生保健中的就业条件以及将急性护理护士过渡到初级卫生保健就业的策略。很少有研究探讨本科护理学生如何看待和准备在这个领域工作。
本综述综合了有关本科课程对护理学生对初级卫生保健工作的态度、看法和准备情况的影响的证据。
综合文献综述指导证据综合。
从 Scopus、ScienceDirect、CINAHL 和 MEDLINE 数据库中搜索了 2008 年至 2018 年期间发表的相关研究。
从数据库搜索中确定了 491 项研究。在去除重复项、根据纳入和排除标准审查摘要和关键字后，对 39 篇论文进行了全文审查。12 篇论文，包括一篇论文，符合纳入标准。使用评估系统，没有一篇论文因方法学质量而被排除。
确定了三个主题，即：课程的影响；对初级卫生保健的知识和态度；以及学生在初级卫生保健工作的意愿。本科护理学生在该领域的准备工作不一致，因为课程仍然以急性护理为重点。对初级卫生保健护理角色的负面看法影响护理学生在初级卫生保健工作的意愿。
本综述强调需要实施战略，以提高本科护士对初级卫生保健护理角色的理解。特别是，通过课程内容和结构为学生提供在该领域工作的技能、知识和理解，可能会使本科生在毕业后有意愿和信心寻求初级卫生保健工作。
