Cooke Julie, Greenway Kathleen, Schutz Sue
Oxford School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Delta 900, Welton Road, Swindon SN5 7XQ, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
Oxford School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Jack Straws Lane, Oxford OX3 0FL, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
Nurse Educ Today. 2021 May;100:104857. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2021.104857. Epub 2021 Mar 6.
This paper aims to investigate pre-registration nursing students' experiences and perceptions of their clinical placements in nursing homes in order to develop recommendations for nurse educators. Evidence indicates that nursing students do not view nursing home placements as favourably as acute hospital placements. Therefore, nurse educators are challenged to facilitate a change in students' perceptions towards working in the nursing home environment.
An integrative literature review allowed for the analysis and synthesis of the data relating to students' experiences and perceptions of nursing home practice, from studies with diverse research designs.
An electronic database search of CINAHL (Ebsco), Pubmed, British Nursing Database (BND), ERIC and social service abstracts, published from 2008 to April 2020 in English was completed. Papers were included using pre-allocated criteria and 649 qualified for closer examination. After exclusion, 21 papers underwent final analysis and synthesis using NIVIO 12.
Five main themes were derived from the literature; i) the importance of effective supervision; ii) students' experiences and perceptions of the learning environment; iii) understanding the roles of care staff, iv) comprehensive orientation to the learning environment, and v) curriculum preparation. From these five categories, two synthesised themes were developed: nursing home placement encounters and enhancing learning opportunities.
Increasing the visibility of caring for older people in the curriculum is urgent in order to address nursing students' perceived misconceptions about placements in nursing homes. The development of standalone older people pathways, delivered by experienced and knowledgeable faculty, as well as the provision of compulsory clinical placements in settings exclusive to nursing older people and supervised by registered nurses are recommended. Failing to resolve this immediate problem will result in a further shortage of nurses who are adequately prepared to meet future nursing needs.
本文旨在调查预注册护理专业学生在养老院临床实习的经历和看法，以便为护理教育工作者提出建议。有证据表明，护理专业学生对养老院实习的看法不如对急症医院实习的看法积极。因此，护理教育工作者面临着促使学生改变对在养老院工作看法的挑战。
一项综合文献综述对来自不同研究设计的与学生养老院实习经历和看法相关的数据进行了分析和综合。
完成了对CINAHL（Ebsco）、PubMed、英国护理数据库（BND）、教育资源信息中心（ERIC）和社会服务摘要的电子数据库检索，检索范围为2008年至2020年4月以英文发表的文献。根据预先设定的标准纳入论文，649篇符合进一步审查的条件。排除后，21篇论文使用NIVIO 12进行了最终分析和综合。
文献得出了五个主要主题；i）有效监督的重要性；ii）学生对学习环境的经历和看法；iii）理解护理人员的角色；iv）对学习环境的全面介绍；v）课程准备。从这五个类别中，形成了两个综合主题：养老院实习经历和增加学习机会。
迫切需要提高课程中照顾老年人内容的可见度，以解决护理专业学生对养老院实习的认知误解。建议开发由经验丰富且知识渊博的教师授课的独立老年人护理路径，以及提供在专门护理老年人的场所进行的、由注册护士监督的强制性临床实习。未能解决这一紧迫问题将导致进一步短缺有充分准备以满足未来护理需求的护士。
