Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
Chem Soc Rev. 2017 Jul 3;46(13):4000-4019. doi: 10.1039/c7cs00067g.
The progress of experimental techniques at the nanoscale in the last decade made optical measurements in current-carrying nanojunctions a reality, thus indicating the emergence of a new field of research coined optoelectronics. Optical spectroscopy of open nonequilibrium systems is a natural meeting point for (at least) two research areas: nonlinear optical spectroscopy and quantum transport, each with its own theoretical toolbox. We review recent progress in the field comparing theoretical treatments of optical response in nanojunctions as is accepted in nonlinear spectroscopy and quantum transport communities. A unified theoretical description of spectroscopy in nanojunctions is presented. We argue that theoretical approaches of the quantum transport community (and in particular, the Green function based considerations) yield a convenient tool for optoelectronics when the radiation field is treated classically, and that differences between the toolboxes may become critical when studying the quantum radiation field in junctions.
在过去十年中，纳米尺度实验技术的进步使得对载流纳米结中的光学测量成为现实，从而表明一个新的研究领域——光电已经出现。非平衡开放系统的光学光谱学是（至少）两个研究领域的自然交汇点：非线性光学光谱学和量子输运，每个领域都有自己的理论工具包。我们比较了纳米结中光学响应的理论处理方法，综述了该领域的最新进展，这些方法在非线性光谱学和量子输运领域都得到了认可。我们提出了一种统一的纳米结光谱学理论描述。我们认为，当辐射场被经典地处理时，量子输运领域的理论方法（特别是基于格林函数的考虑）为光电提供了一个方便的工具，而当研究结中的量子辐射场时，工具包之间的差异可能变得至关重要。
