UCD Perinatal Research Centre, Obstetrics & Gynaecology, UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin 2, Ireland.
J Public Health (Oxf). 2018 Mar 1;40(1):41-55. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdx038.
Despite a large number of publications regarding the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and gestational weight gain (GWG), the literature is inconsistent. We conducted a systematic review of current evidence relating to the association between SES and GWG, according to the Institute of Medicine (IOM) 2009 guidelines.
Six electronic databases were searched, with the final search run on first July 2016. The PRISMA Statement guidelines were followed and a modified version of the RTI Item Bank was used to assess risk of bias within studies. The primary outcome was inadequate, adequate or excessive GWG, as per the IOM guidelines.
Sixteen studies were included. There was a positive skew in the number of studies that indicated that those who are less well educated are most at risk of gaining weight outside of the recommendations. Other measures of SES were not significantly associated with GWG.
Low educational attainment is likely to be associated with women gaining outside the IOM recommendations for GWG. Healthcare providers should provide additional support to pregnant women who are most at risk of gaining outside the recommendations, thus reducing the gap in health inequalities between those of high and low SES.
尽管有大量关于社会经济地位（SES）与妊娠体重增加（GWG）之间关联的出版物，但文献并不一致。我们根据医学研究所（IOM）2009 年的指南，对当前与 SES 和 GWG 之间关联的证据进行了系统评价。
检索了六个电子数据库，最后一次搜索是在 2016 年 7 月 1 日进行的。我们遵循了 PRISMA 声明指南，并使用经过修改的 RTI 项目库来评估研究中的偏倚风险。主要结局是根据 IOM 指南评估 GWG 是否不足、适当或过多。
共纳入 16 项研究。表明受教育程度较低的人最有可能超出建议体重增加的研究数量呈正偏态。SES 的其他衡量指标与 GWG 无显著相关性。
低教育程度可能与女性超出 IOM 推荐的 GWG 增加有关。医疗保健提供者应向最有可能超出建议体重增加的孕妇提供额外支持，从而缩小 SES 高和低之间健康不平等的差距。
