Haring Bernhard, Wang Wenyu, Fretts Amanda, Shimbo Daichi, Lee Elisa T, Howard Barbara V, Roman Mary J, Devereux Richard B
aDepartment of Internal Medicine I, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany bCenter for American Indian Health Research, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma cCardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington dDepartment of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York eMedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, Maryland fDivision of Cardiology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.
J Hypertens. 2017 Sep;35(9):1794-1800. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000001385.
The aim of this study was to investigate whether red meat consumption is related to changes in left ventricular mass (LVM), left atrial diameter and carotid atherosclerosis in American Indians.
We prospectively analyzed echocardiographic and carotid ultrasound data of 1090 adults aged 40 years and older enrolled in the Strong Heart Family Study who were free of cardiovascular disease at baseline - 535 (49%) were hypertensive and 555 (51%) participants were nonhypertensive. Processed and unprocessed red meat intake was ascertained by using a Block food-frequency questionnaire at baseline. Cardiac and vascular biomarkers were assessed at baseline and 4 years later. Marginal models with multivariate adjustment were used to assess the associations of red meat intake with LVM, left atrial diameter, intima-media thickness and presence and extent of carotid atherosclerosis.
Participants with hypertension were older, had a higher BMI, were more likely to be diabetic and less physically active. Processed and unprocessed red meat consumption was related to an increase in the presence of atherosclerotic plaques in male and female hypertensive individuals. In male hypertensive participants, processed meat intake was further observed to be associated with an increase in intima-media thickness, atrial diameter but not LVM. In nonhypertensive participants, neither unprocessed nor processed red meat intake was associated with changes in cardiac parameters or carotid atherosclerosis.
Over a 4-year period, red meat consumption was related to cardiovascular target organ damage in hypertensive American Indians. These findings emphasize the importance of dietary measures for cardiovascular disease prevention.
本研究旨在调查美国印第安人食用红肉是否与左心室质量（LVM）、左心房直径变化及颈动脉粥样硬化有关。
我们前瞻性分析了参加强心家族研究的1090名40岁及以上成年人的超声心动图和颈动脉超声数据，这些人在基线时无心血管疾病——535人（49%）患有高血压，555人（51%）为非高血压参与者。在基线时使用Block食物频率问卷确定加工和未加工红肉的摄入量。在基线时和4年后评估心脏和血管生物标志物。使用多变量调整的边际模型评估红肉摄入量与LVM、左心房直径、内膜中层厚度以及颈动脉粥样硬化的存在和程度之间的关联。
高血压参与者年龄更大，体重指数更高，更有可能患糖尿病，身体活动较少。加工和未加工红肉的消费与男性和女性高血压个体动脉粥样硬化斑块的增加有关。在男性高血压参与者中，进一步观察到加工肉类的摄入量与内膜中层厚度、心房直径的增加有关，但与LVM无关。在非高血压参与者中，未加工和加工红肉的摄入量均与心脏参数变化或颈动脉粥样硬化无关。
在4年期间，食用红肉与高血压美国印第安人的心血管靶器官损害有关。这些发现强调了饮食措施对预防心血管疾病的重要性。
