Ola Mohammad Shamsul, Alhomida Abdullah S, Ferrario Carlos M, Ahmad Sarfaraz
Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud, University, Riyadh 11451. Saudi Arabia.
Department of General Surgery, Wake Forest University Health Science, Winston-Salem, NC 27157. United States.
Curr Med Chem. 2017;24(28):3104-3114. doi: 10.2174/0929867324666170407141955.
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major diabetes complication and the leading cause for vision loss and blindness in the adult human population. Diabetes, being an endocrinological disorder dysregulates a number of hormonal systems including the renin angiotensin system (RAS), which thereby may damage both vascular and neuronal cells in the retina. Angiotensin II (Ang II), an active component of the RAS is increased in diabetic retina, and may play a significant role in neurovascular damage leading to the progression of DR. In this review article, we highlight the role of Ang II in the pathogenesis of retinal damage in diabetes and discuss a newly identified mechanism involving tissue chymase and angiotensin-(1-12) [Ang-(1-12)] pathways. We also discuss the therapeutic effects of potential RAS inhibitors targeting blockade of cellular Ang II formation to prevent/ protect the retinal damage. Thus, a better understanding of Ang II formation pathways in the diabetic retina will elucidate early molecular mechanism of vision loss. These concepts may provide a novel strategy for preventing and/or treating diabetic retinopathy, a leading cause of blindness worldwide.
糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）是糖尿病的一种主要并发症，也是成年人群视力丧失和失明的主要原因。糖尿病作为一种内分泌紊乱疾病，会使包括肾素血管紧张素系统（RAS）在内的多种激素系统失调，进而可能损害视网膜中的血管和神经细胞。血管紧张素II（Ang II）是RAS的一种活性成分，在糖尿病视网膜中含量增加，可能在导致DR进展的神经血管损伤中起重要作用。在这篇综述文章中，我们强调了Ang II在糖尿病视网膜损伤发病机制中的作用，并讨论了一种新发现的涉及组织糜酶和血管紧张素 -（1 - 12）[Ang -（1 - 12）]途径的机制。我们还讨论了潜在的RAS抑制剂通过阻断细胞内Ang II形成来预防/保护视网膜损伤的治疗效果。因此，更好地了解糖尿病视网膜中Ang II的形成途径将阐明视力丧失的早期分子机制。这些概念可能为预防和/或治疗糖尿病视网膜病变提供一种新策略，糖尿病视网膜病变是全球失明的主要原因。
