Futema Fábio, Fantoni Denise Tabacchi, Auler José Otávio Costa, Cortopassi Silvia Renata Gaido, Acaui Andrea, Stopiglia Angelo João
Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Vet Anaesth Analg. 2002 Jul;29(3):133-139. doi: 10.1046/j.1467-2995.2002.00082.x. Epub 2016 Nov 15.
To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of a new technique of brachial plexus anesthesia in dogs.
Prospective, experimental study.
Twelve adult mongrel dogs, six males and six females weighing 14.8 ± 1.75 kg.
The animals were sedated with acepromazine 0.05 mg kg and anesthetized with propofol (6 mg kg, IV bolus) followed by an infusion of 212 μg kg minute. The brachial plexus block technique was performed utilizing the brachial artery as an anatomic landmark, the needle was inserted from the axilla and a nerve stimulator was used to ensure the accuracy of needle placement. Bupivacaine (0.375% with 5 μg mL epinephrine) was used at a dose rate of 4 mg kg. Dogs underwent mid-diaphyseal osteotomies of the humerus followed by intramedullary pin fixation.
Onset time to motor and sensory block were 9.70 ± 5.52 and 26.20 ± 8.86 minutes, respectively. Analgesia lasted for 11.11 ± 0.47 hours. The block was effective in 91.6% of the animals, being verified by anesthesia of the whole front limb distal to the shoulder. One animal became hypotensive after the block and did not undergo the surgery at that time. In the remaining 10 animals the heart and respiratory rates, blood pressure, blood gas parameters and plasma bicarbonate concentration did not show any statistically significant alterations during the surgical procedure.
This brachial plexus block technique is effective in most cases to provide surgical analgesia for the front limb distal to the shoulder.
Various surgical procedures in the front limb can be performed with a regional anesthetic technique without the use and concomitant risks of general anesthesia in dogs. Long-lasting analgesia associated with this technique may also provide a valuable tool for the management of pain in the forelimb.
评估一种犬臂丛神经麻醉新技术的可行性和有效性。
前瞻性实验研究。
12只成年杂种犬，6只雄性和6只雌性，体重14.8±1.75千克。
动物用0.05毫克/千克的乙酰丙嗪镇静，丙泊酚（6毫克/千克，静脉推注）麻醉，随后以212微克/千克·分钟的速度输注。利用肱动脉作为解剖标志进行臂丛神经阻滞技术，从腋窝插入针头，并使用神经刺激器确保针头放置的准确性。布比卡因（0.375%加5微克/毫升肾上腺素）以4毫克/千克的剂量率使用。犬接受肱骨骨干中段截骨术，随后进行髓内针固定。
运动和感觉阻滞的起效时间分别为9.70±5.52分钟和26.20±8.86分钟。镇痛持续11.11±0.47小时。该阻滞在91.6%的动物中有效，通过肩部远端整个前肢的麻醉得到验证。1只动物在阻滞后出现低血压，当时未进行手术。在其余10只动物中，手术过程中心率、呼吸频率、血压、血气参数和血浆碳酸氢盐浓度均未显示任何统计学上的显著变化。
这种臂丛神经阻滞技术在大多数情况下对肩部远端前肢手术镇痛有效。
前肢的各种外科手术可以采用区域麻醉技术进行，而无需使用全身麻醉及其伴随风险。与该技术相关的长效镇痛也可能为前肢疼痛管理提供有价值的工具。
