Evangelista Marina C, Monteiro Beatriz P, Doodnaught Graeme M, Benoist Pascale, Steagall Paulo V
1 Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Canada.
2 Québec Research Group on Animal Pharmacology (GREPAQ), Saint-Hyacinthe, Canada.
J Feline Med Surg. 2018 Jun;20(6):591-595. doi: 10.1177/1098612X17718437. Epub 2017 Jul 11.
Objectives The aims of this study were to describe the paravertebral brachial plexus (PBP) blockade in cats, and compare the spread of bupivacaine-methylene blue solution (BMS) using two volumes of injection into the PBP. Methods Six cadavers (4.4 ± 1.8 kg) randomly received 0.15 ml/kg (LOW) or 0.2 ml/kg (HIGH) per injection of BMS into the PBP. The first injection was made ventral to the transverse process of the sixth cervical vertebra (nerves C6 and C7) at the emergence of nerve roots. A second injection was performed at the edge of the cranial border of the scapula and directed ventrally towards the first rib (C8 and T1). Cadavers were dissected and the presence of BMS in contact with the nerves (success rate) and length of staining were evaluated for each nerve (C6/C7/C8/T1). Length of target nerves in contact with BMS was measured and <15 mm was considered fair, ⩾15 mm sufficient and >40 mm excessive. Complications (aspiration of blood, staining of pleural space and/or spinal cord) were recorded. Paired t-test, Mann-Whitney U-test and χ test were used for statistical analysis when appropriate ( P <0.05). Results Eleven hemilateral brachial plexuses were injected. Aspiration of blood occurred during one injection. Inadvertent pleural or spinal staining was not observed. Success rates (positive nerve staining) in the LOW and HIGH groups, respectively, were as follows: C6: 83% and 80%; C7: 66% and 100%; C8: 66% and 100%; T1: 50% and 60% ( P >0.05). Median (range) length of nerve staining was 22 mm (15-39 mm) for LOW and 21 mm (13-35 mm) for HIGH ( P >0.05). Excessive nerve staining was not recorded. Conclusions and relevance This study describes the PBP blockade in cats with acceptable nerve staining and minimal complications. Success rate and length of nerve staining were not significantly different between the LOW and HIGH groups.
目的 本研究旨在描述猫的椎旁臂丛神经（PBP）阻滞情况，并比较将布比卡因 - 亚甲蓝溶液（BMS）以两种注射体积注入PBP后的扩散情况。方法 六具尸体（体重4.4±1.8千克）被随机分配，每侧PBP每次注射0.15毫升/千克（低剂量组，LOW）或0.2毫升/千克（高剂量组，HIGH）的BMS。首次注射在第六颈椎横突腹侧神经根穿出处（C6和C7神经）进行。第二次注射在肩胛骨颅侧缘处进行，并向腹侧朝向第一肋（C8和T1）。对尸体进行解剖，评估每条神经（C6/C7/C8/T1）与BMS接触的情况（成功率）以及染色长度。测量与BMS接触的目标神经长度，<15毫米被认为效果尚可，⩾15毫米为足够，>40毫米为过度。记录并发症（回血、胸膜腔和/或脊髓染色）。在适当情况下使用配对t检验、曼 - 惠特尼U检验和χ检验进行统计分析（P<0.05）。结果 共注射了11个半侧臂丛神经。一次注射过程中出现回血。未观察到意外的胸膜或脊髓染色。低剂量组和高剂量组的成功率（神经阳性染色）分别如下：C6：83%和80%；C7：66%和100%；C8：66%和100%；T1：50%和60%（P>0.05）。低剂量组神经染色长度的中位数（范围）为22毫米（15 - 39毫米），高剂量组为21毫米（13 - 35毫米）（P>0.05）。未记录到过度神经染色。结论及相关性 本研究描述了猫的PBP阻滞情况，神经染色可接受且并发症最少。低剂量组和高剂量组之间的成功率和神经染色长度无显著差异。
