Department of Human Biology, UCT Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Sport, Exercise Medicine and Lifestyle Institute (SEMLI), University of Pretoria, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pretoria, South Africa.
Br J Sports Med. 2017 Sep;51(17):1295-1300. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2016-096964. Epub 2017 Apr 12.
There are limited data on the negative effects of exercise in athletes with acute infective illness. The aim of this study was to determine whether a recently diagnosed prerace acute illness in runners affects the ability to finish a race.
Runners were prospectively evaluated in the 3 days before the race for acute infective illness and then received participation advice using clinical criteria based on systemic or localised symptoms/signs. We compared the did-not-start and the did-not-finish frequencies of ill runners (Ill=172: localised=58.7%; systemic=41.3%) with that of a control group of runners (Con=53 734).
Runners with a systemic illness were 10.4% more likely not to start compared with controls (29.6% vs 19.2%) (p=0.0073). The risk difference of not starting the race in runners who were advised not to run the race compared with controls was 37.3% (56.5% vs 19.2%, p<0.0001). Compared with controls, runners with illness had a significantly (p<0.05) greater risk (any illness (5.2% vs 1.6%), systemic illness (8.0% vs 1.6%), illness <24 hours before the race (11.1% vs 1.6%)) and relative risk (prevalence risk ratio) (any illness=3.4, systemic illness=4.9, systemic illness <24 hours before the race=7.0) of not finishing the race.
Runners with prerace acute systemic illness, and particularly those diagnosed <24 hours before race day, are less likely to finish the race, indicating a reduction in race performance.
关于急性感染性疾病运动员运动的负面影响的数据有限。本研究旨在确定近期诊断的赛前急性疾病是否会影响跑步者完成比赛的能力。
前瞻性评估比赛前 3 天的跑步者是否患有急性感染性疾病，然后根据基于全身或局部症状/体征的临床标准提供参赛建议。我们比较了患病跑步者（Ill=172：局部=58.7%；全身=41.3%）和对照组（Con=53734）的未开始和未完成比赛的频率。
患有全身性疾病的跑步者未开始比赛的可能性比对照组高 10.4%（29.6%比 19.2%）（p=0.0073）。与对照组相比，不建议参赛的患病跑步者未开始比赛的风险差异为 37.3%（56.5%比 19.2%，p<0.0001）。与对照组相比，患病跑步者未完成比赛的风险（任何疾病（5.2%比 1.6%）、全身性疾病（8.0%比 1.6%）、疾病发生在比赛前 24 小时内（11.1%比 1.6%））和相对风险（流行率比值）（任何疾病=3.4，全身性疾病=4.9，全身性疾病<24 小时前=7.0）均显著增加（p<0.05）。
患有赛前急性全身性疾病的跑步者，特别是在比赛前 24 小时内诊断出的患者，更有可能无法完成比赛，表明比赛成绩下降。
