Du Yingying, Chen Mingyue, Yang Jiayun, Jia Yane, Han Shufang, Holmes Edward C, Cui Jie
CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.
Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Sydney Medical School, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
J Virol. 2017 May 26;91(12). doi: 10.1128/JVI.00143-17. Print 2017 Jun 15.
H5N6 avian influenza virus (AIV) has posed a potential threat to public health since its emergence in China in 2013. To understand the evolution and emergence of H5N6 AIV in the avian population, we performed molecular surveillance of live poultry markets (LPMs) in Wugang Prefecture, Hunan Province, in central China, during 2014 and 2015. Wugang Prefecture is located on the Eastern Asian-Australian migratory bird flyway, and a human death due to an H5N6 virus was reported in the prefecture on 21 November 2016. In total, we sampled and sequenced the complete genomes of 175 H5N6 AIVs. Notably, our analysis revealed that H5N6 AIVs contain at least six genotypes arising from segment reassortment, including a rare variant that possesses an HA gene derived from H5N1 clade 2.3.2 and a novel NP gene that has its origins with H7N3 viruses. In addition, phylogenetic analysis revealed that genetically similar H5N6 AIVs tend to cluster according to their geographic regions of origin. These results help to reveal the evolutionary behavior of influenza viruses prior to their emergence in humans. The newly emerged H5N6 influenza A virus has caused more than 10 human deaths in China since 2013. In November 2016, a human death due to an H5N6 virus, in Wugang Prefecture, Hunan Province, was confirmed by the WHO. To better understand the evolution and emergence of H5N6 viruses, we surveyed live poultry markets (LPMs) in Wugang Prefecture before the reported human death, with a focus on revealing the diversity and genomic origins of H5N6 in birds during 2014 and 2015. In general, H5N6 viruses in this region were most closely related to H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4, with the exception of one virus with an HA gene derived from clade 2.3.2 such that it represents a novel reassortant. Clearly, the ongoing surveillance of LPMs is central to monitoring the emergence of pathogenic influenza viruses.
自2013年在中国出现以来，H5N6禽流感病毒（AIV）对公共卫生构成了潜在威胁。为了解H5N6 AIV在禽类群体中的进化和出现情况，我们于2014年至2015年期间对中国中部湖南省武冈市的活禽市场（LPM）进行了分子监测。武冈市位于东亚 - 澳大利亚候鸟迁徙路线上，2016年11月21日该市报告了1例因H5N6病毒导致的人类死亡病例。我们总共对175株H5N6 AIV的全基因组进行了采样和测序。值得注意的是，我们的分析表明，H5N6 AIV至少包含六种由片段重配产生的基因型，其中包括一种罕见变体，其HA基因源自H5N1 2.3.2分支，还有一个新的NP基因起源于H7N3病毒。此外，系统发育分析表明，基因相似的H5N6 AIV倾向于根据其起源的地理区域聚类。这些结果有助于揭示流感病毒在人类中出现之前的进化行为。自2013年以来，新出现的H5N6甲型流感病毒已在中国导致10多人死亡。2016年11月，世界卫生组织确认湖南省武冈市1例因H5N6病毒导致的人类死亡病例。为了更好地了解H5N6病毒的进化和出现情况，我们在报告人类死亡病例之前对武冈市的活禽市场进行了调查，重点是揭示2014年至2015年期间禽类中H5N6的多样性和基因组起源。总体而言，该地区的H5N6病毒与H5N1 2.3.4.4分支关系最为密切，但有一株病毒的HA基因源自2.3.2分支，代表一种新的重配体。显然，对活禽市场进行持续监测是监测致病性流感病毒出现的核心。
