Gong Ruihao, Feng Zijian, Zhang Yanyun
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
School of Systems Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
PLoS Comput Biol. 2025 Jul 22;21(7):e1013301. doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013301. eCollection 2025 Jul.
The resurgence of H5Nx reassortment has caused multiple epidemics resulting in severe disease even death in wild birds and poultry. Assessing H5Nx reassortment risk is crucial for designing targeted interventions and enhancing preparedness efforts to manage H5Nx outbreaks effectively. However, the complexity in H5Nx reassortment, driven by the diversity of influenza A viruses (IAVs) and wide range of hosts, has hindered the effective quantification of reassortment risk. In this study, we utilized a network approach to explore the reassortment history using a large-scale dataset. By inferring genomic homogeneity among IAVs, we constructed an IAVs homologous network with reassortment history embedded within it. We estimated the communities within the IAVs homologous network to represent the reassortment risk of various viruses, revealing diverse reassortment risks across different H5Nx viruses. Our analysis also identified the primary hosts contributing to reassortment: domestic poultry in China, and wild birds in North America and Europe. These primary hosts are critical targets for future H5Nx reassortment interventions. Our study provides a framework for quantifying and ranking H5Nx reassortment risk, contributing to enhanced preparedness and prevention efforts.
H5Nx重配的再现已引发多次疫情，导致野生鸟类和家禽出现严重疾病甚至死亡。评估H5Nx重配风险对于设计针对性干预措施和加强防范工作以有效管理H5Nx疫情至关重要。然而，甲型流感病毒（IAV）的多样性和广泛的宿主导致H5Nx重配的复杂性，阻碍了对重配风险的有效量化。在本研究中，我们利用网络方法，通过大规模数据集探索重配历史。通过推断IAV之间的基因组同源性，我们构建了一个嵌入重配历史的IAV同源网络。我们估计了IAV同源网络中的群落，以代表各种病毒的重配风险，揭示了不同H5Nx病毒的不同重配风险。我们的分析还确定了促成重配的主要宿主：中国的家禽，以及北美和欧洲的野生鸟类。这些主要宿主是未来H5Nx重配干预的关键目标。我们的研究提供了一个量化和排名H5Nx重配风险的框架，有助于加强防范和预防工作。
