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补贴反而增加了远程污染?

Subsidies to Increase Remote Pollution?

机构信息

Department of Economics, Faculty of Operation and Economics of Transport and Communications, University of Zilina, Univerzitna 8215/1, 010 26, Zilina, Slovak Republic.

出版信息

Sci Eng Ethics. 2018 Apr;24(2):755-767. doi: 10.1007/s11948-017-9908-0. Epub 2017 Apr 12.

DOI:10.1007/s11948-017-9908-0
PMID:28405959
Abstract

During the last decade, Central Europe became a cynosure for the world for its unparalleled public support for renewable energy. For instance, the production of electricity from purpose-grown biomass received approximately twice the amount in subsidies as that produced from biowaste. Moreover, the guaranteed purchase price of electricity from solar panels was set approximately five times higher than that from conventional sources. This controversial environmental donation policy led to the devastation of large areas of arable land, a worsening of food availability, unprecedented market distortions, and serious threats to national budgets, among other things. Now, the first proposals to donate the purchase price of electric vehicles (and related infrastructure) from national budgets have appeared for public debate. Advocates of these ideas argue that they can solve the issue of electricity overproduction, and that electric vehicles will reduce emissions in cities. However, our analysis reveals that, as a result of previous scandals, environmental issues have become less significant to local citizens. Given that electric cars are not yet affordable for most people, in terms of local purchasing power, this action would further undermine national budgets. Furthermore, while today's electromobiles produce zero pollution when operated, their sum of emissions (i.e. global warming potential) remains much higher than that of conventional combustion engines. Therefore, we conclude that the mass usage of electromobiles could result in the unethical improvement of a city environment at the expense of marginal regions.

摘要

在过去的十年中,中欧因其无与伦比的可再生能源公共支持而成为世界关注的焦点。例如,用于种植生物质能的电力生产获得的补贴大约是生物废物发电的两倍。此外,太阳能电池板的电力购买保证价格设定大约是传统能源的五倍。这种有争议的环保捐赠政策导致了大片耕地的破坏,食物供应恶化,前所未有的市场扭曲,以及对国家预算的严重威胁等。现在,第一批从国家预算中捐赠电动汽车(和相关基础设施)购买价格的提案已经出现供公众讨论。这些想法的支持者认为,它们可以解决电力过剩的问题,而且电动汽车将减少城市的排放。然而,我们的分析表明,由于之前的丑闻,环境问题对当地居民来说已经不那么重要了。考虑到大多数人在当地购买能力方面还负担不起电动汽车,这一举措将进一步削弱国家预算。此外,虽然今天的电动汽车在运行时不会产生零污染,但它们的总排放量(即全球变暖潜能值)仍然远高于传统内燃机。因此,我们的结论是,电动汽车的大规模使用可能会以牺牲边缘地区为代价,改善城市环境的不道德行为。

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Subsidies to Increase Remote Pollution?补贴反而增加了远程污染?
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本文引用的文献

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Organotrisulfide: A High Capacity Cathode Material for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries.有机三硫化物:一种用于可充电锂电池的高容量阴极材料。
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2016 Aug 16;55(34):10027-31. doi: 10.1002/anie.201603897. Epub 2016 Jul 13.
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Holistic Assessment and Ethical Disputation on a New Trend in Solid Biofuels.固体生物燃料新趋势的整体评估与伦理辩论
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Population age structure and the cost of municipal waste collection. A case study from the Czech Republic.
人口年龄结构与城市垃圾收集成本。捷克共和国的一个案例研究。
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THE ROLE OF CONSUMER VALUES AND SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHICS IN GREEN PRODUCT SATISFACTION: THE CASE OF HYBRID CARS.消费者价值观和社会人口统计学因素在绿色产品满意度中的作用:以混合动力汽车为例
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Polemics on Ethical Aspects in the Compost Business.堆肥业务中的伦理问题论战
Sci Eng Ethics. 2016 Apr;22(2):581-90. doi: 10.1007/s11948-015-9664-y. Epub 2015 May 31.
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Managerial preferences in relation to financial indicators regarding the mitigation of global change.关于缓解全球变化的财务指标方面的管理偏好。
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