Jiang Nan, Gonzalez Mariaelena, Ling Pamela M, Young-Wolff Kelly C, Glantz Stanton A
Department of Population Health, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA.
Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017 Apr 13;14(4):412. doi: 10.3390/ijerph14040412.
Tobacco and alcohol use are strongly associated. This cross-sectional study examined the relationship of smoke-free law coverage and smoke-free bar law coverage with hazardous drinking behaviors among a representative sample of U.S. adult drinkers ( = 17,057). We merged 2009 National Health Interview Survey data, American Nonsmokers' Rights Foundation U.S. Tobacco Control Laws Database, and Census Population Estimates. Hazardous drinking outcomes included heavy drinking (>14 drinks/week for men; >7 drinks/week for women) and binge drinking (≥5 drinks on one or more days during past year). Chi-square tests compared hazardous drinking by sociodemographic factors. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine if smoke-free law and bar law coverages were associated with hazardous drinking, controlling for sociodemographics and smoking status. Subset analyses were conducted among drinkers who also smoked ( = 4074) to assess the association between law coverages and hazardous drinking. Among all drinkers, smoke-free law coverage was not associated with heavy drinking (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.22, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.99-1.50) or binge drinking (AOR = 1.09, 95% CI = 0.93-1.26). Smoke-free bar law coverage was also found to be unrelated to hazardous drinking. Similar results were found among those drinkers who smoked. Findings suggest that smoke-free laws and bar laws are not associated with elevated risk for alcohol-related health issues.
吸烟与饮酒密切相关。这项横断面研究在美国成年饮酒者的代表性样本（n = 17,057）中，考察了无烟法律覆盖范围和无烟酒吧法律覆盖范围与危险饮酒行为之间的关系。我们合并了2009年国家健康访谈调查数据、美国非吸烟者权利基金会的美国烟草控制法律数据库以及人口普查人口估计数据。危险饮酒结果包括重度饮酒（男性每周超过14杯；女性每周超过7杯）和暴饮（过去一年中在一天或多天内饮用≥5杯）。卡方检验按社会人口学因素比较危险饮酒情况。多变量逻辑回归模型用于检验无烟法律和酒吧法律覆盖范围是否与危险饮酒相关，并对社会人口学特征和吸烟状况进行控制。在也吸烟的饮酒者（n = 4074）中进行了亚组分析，以评估法律覆盖范围与危险饮酒之间的关联。在所有饮酒者中，无烟法律覆盖范围与重度饮酒（调整后的优势比（AOR）= 1.22，95%置信区间（CI）= 0.99 - 1.50）或暴饮（AOR = 1.09，95% CI = 0.93 - 1.26）均无关联。无烟酒吧法律覆盖范围也与危险饮酒无关。在吸烟的饮酒者中也发现了类似结果。研究结果表明，无烟法律和酒吧法律与酒精相关健康问题风险升高无关。
