Jiang Nan, Gonzalez MariaElena, Ling Pamela M, Glantz Stanton A
Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America; School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
School of Social Sciences, Humanities & Arts, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2015 Oct 7;10(10):e0137023. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137023. eCollection 2015.
Light and intermittent smoking (LITS) has become increasingly common. Alcohol drinkers are more likely to smoke. We examined the association of smokefree law and bar law coverage and alcohol use with current smoking, LITS, and smoking quit attempts among US adults and alcohol drinkers.
Cross-sectional analyses among a population-based sample of US adults (n = 27,731) using restricted data from 2009 National Health Interview Survey and 2009 American Nonsmokers' Rights Foundation United States Tobacco Control Database. Multivariate logistic regression models examined the relationship of smokefree law coverage and drinking frequency (1) with current smoking among all adults; (2) with 4 LITS patterns among current smokers; and (3) with smoking quit attempts among 6 smoking subgroups. Same multivariate analyses were conducted but substituted smokefree bar law coverage for smokefree law coverage to investigate the association between smokefree bar laws and the outcomes. Finally we ran the above analyses among alcohol drinkers (n = 16,961) to examine the relationship of smokefree law (and bar law) coverage and binge drinking with the outcomes. All models controlled for demographics and average cigarette price per pack. The interactions of smokefree law (and bar law) coverage and drinking status was examined.
Stronger smokefree law (and bar law) coverage was associated with lower odds of current smoking among all adults and among drinkers, and had the same effect across all drinking and binge drinking subgroups. Increased drinking frequency and binge drinking were related to higher odds of current smoking. Smokefree law (and bar law) coverage and drinking status were not associated with any LITS measures or smoking quit attempts.
Stronger smokefree laws and bar laws are associated with lower smoking rates across all drinking subgroups, which provides further support for these policies. More strict tobacco control measures might help reduce cigarette consumption and increase quit attempts.
轻度和间歇性吸烟（LITS）日益普遍。饮酒者吸烟的可能性更高。我们研究了无烟法律和酒吧法覆盖范围以及酒精使用与美国成年人及饮酒者当前吸烟、轻度和间歇性吸烟以及戒烟尝试之间的关联。
基于2009年国家健康访谈调查和2009年美国非吸烟者权利基金会美国烟草控制数据库的受限数据，对美国成年人的人群样本（n = 27,731）进行横断面分析。多变量逻辑回归模型研究了无烟法律覆盖范围和饮酒频率（1）与所有成年人当前吸烟之间的关系；（2）与当前吸烟者的4种轻度和间歇性吸烟模式之间的关系；以及（3）与6个吸烟亚组的戒烟尝试之间的关系。进行了相同的多变量分析，但用无烟酒吧法覆盖范围替代无烟法律覆盖范围，以研究无烟酒吧法与这些结果之间的关联。最后，我们在饮酒者（n = 16,961）中进行上述分析，以研究无烟法律（和酒吧法）覆盖范围以及暴饮与这些结果之间的关系。所有模型均控制了人口统计学特征和每包香烟的平均价格。研究了无烟法律（和酒吧法）覆盖范围与饮酒状态的相互作用。
更强的无烟法律（和酒吧法）覆盖范围与所有成年人及饮酒者中当前吸烟的较低几率相关，并且在所有饮酒和暴饮亚组中具有相同的效果。饮酒频率增加和暴饮与当前吸烟的较高几率相关。无烟法律（和酒吧法）覆盖范围与饮酒状态与任何轻度和间歇性吸烟指标或戒烟尝试均无关联。
更强的无烟法律和酒吧法与所有饮酒亚组中较低的吸烟率相关，这为这些政策提供了进一步支持。更严格的烟草控制措施可能有助于减少香烟消费并增加戒烟尝试。
