Das Laxmidhar, Parbin Sabnam, Pradhan Nibedita, Kausar Chahat, Patra Samir K
Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India.
Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India,
Front Biosci (Schol Ed). 2017 Jun 1;9(4):509-535. doi: 10.2741/s497.
Infertility is a complex pathophysiological condition. It may caused by specific or multiple physical and physiological factors, including abnormalities in homeostasis, hormonal imbalances and genetic alterations. In recent times various studies implicated that, aberrant epigenetic mechanisms are associated with reproductive infertility. There might be transgenerational effects associated with epigenetic modifications of gametes and studies suggest the importance of alterations in epigenetic modification at early and late stages of gametogenesis. To determine the causes of infertility it is necessary to understand the altered epigenetic modifications of associated gene and mechanisms involved therein. This review is devoted to elucidate the recent mechanistic advances in regulation of genes by epigenetic modification and emphasizes their possible role related to reproductive infertility. It includes environmental, nutritional, hormonal and physiological factors and influence of internal structural architecture of chromatin nucleosomes affecting DNA and histone modifications in both male and female gametes, early embryogenesis and offspring. Finally, we would like to emphasize that research on human infertility by gene knock out of epigenetic modifiers genes must be relied upon animal models.
不孕症是一种复杂的病理生理状况。它可能由特定的或多种身体和生理因素引起，包括体内稳态异常、激素失衡和基因改变。近年来，各种研究表明，异常的表观遗传机制与生殖性不孕有关。可能存在与配子表观遗传修饰相关的跨代效应，并且研究表明在配子发生的早期和晚期表观遗传修饰改变的重要性。为了确定不孕的原因，有必要了解相关基因表观遗传修饰的改变及其涉及的机制。本综述致力于阐明表观遗传修饰调控基因的最新机制进展，并强调它们与生殖性不孕相关的可能作用。它包括环境、营养、激素和生理因素，以及染色质核小体内部结构架构对雄性和雌性配子、早期胚胎发育及后代中DNA和组蛋白修饰的影响。最后，我们想强调的是，通过敲除表观遗传修饰基因来研究人类不孕症必须依赖动物模型。
