Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain.
Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain.
Psychiatry Res. 2017 Jul;253:287-295. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.04.015. Epub 2017 Apr 7.
The present study aimed to examine (a) the relative contribution of perceived parental child-rearing behaviors and attachment on anxiety and depressive symptoms, and (b) the role of attachment as a possible mediator of the association between parental rearing and anxiety and depression. A sample of 1002 children (aged 9-12 years) completed a booklet of self-report questionnaires measuring parental rearing behaviors, attachment towards peers, and DSM anxiety and depressive disorder symptoms. We found that parental aversiveness, parental neglect, and fearful/preoccupied attachment, each accounted for a significant amount of the variance in both anxiety and depressive symptoms. In addition, parental overcontrol was found to account for unique variance in anxiety whereas communication/warmth accounted for a significant proportion of the variance in depression. A relevant finding was that fearful/preoccupied attachment was found to mediate the association between parental rearing behaviors and both anxiety and depression. Parental rearing behaviors and attachment to peers may act as risk factors to the development and/or maintenance of anxiety and depressive symptomatology in children. Findings may contribute to outline preventive and/or treatment programs to prevent or reduce both clinical anxiety and depression during childhood.
(a) 父母养育行为和依恋对焦虑和抑郁症状的相对贡献；以及 (b) 依恋作为父母养育与焦虑和抑郁之间关联的可能中介的作用。1002 名儿童（9-12 岁）完成了一本自我报告问卷手册，其中包括父母养育行为、同伴依恋以及 DSM 焦虑和抑郁障碍症状的测量。我们发现，父母的厌恶、父母的忽视以及恐惧/痴迷依恋，各自解释了焦虑和抑郁症状的大量差异。此外，父母的过度控制被发现对焦虑有独特的影响，而沟通/温暖则对抑郁有显著的影响。一个相关的发现是，恐惧/痴迷依恋被发现可以中介父母养育行为与焦虑和抑郁之间的关联。父母养育行为和同伴依恋可能是儿童焦虑和抑郁症状发展和/或维持的风险因素。研究结果可能有助于制定预防和/或治疗计划，以预防或减少儿童时期的临床焦虑和抑郁。
