Klein Eva M, Brähler Elmar, Petrowski Katja, Tibubos Ana Nanette, Burghardt Juliane, Wiltink Jörg, Michal Matthias, Wild Philipp S, Schulz Andreas, Münzel Thomas, König Jochem, Lackner Karl, Pfeiffer Norbert, Beutel Manfred E
Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Germany.
Medical Psychology and Sociology University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Germany.
Z Psychosom Med Psychother. 2020 Sep;66(3):243-258. doi: 10.13109/zptm.2020.66.3.243.
Addressing the lack of population-based data, the purpose of this representative study was to assess sex- and age-specific associations of maternal and paternal rearing behavior with depressiveness and anxiety controlling for sociodemographic and somatic variables. 8,175 subjects participating in a population-based study completed standardized questionnaires measuring Recalled Parental Rearing Behavior and distress. Women recalled their fathers as more controlling and warmer, and their mothers as more rejecting than men. Comparisons between age groups (≤ 60 vs. > 60 years) revealed that younger participants recalled more parental control and emotional warmth. In addition to sociodemographic and somatic risk factors, paternal rejection and maternal control were associated with depressiveness and anxiety both for women and men (OR 1.58-1.96; OR 1.37-1.66). Maternal warmth was negatively related to distress (OR 0.66-0.69). Findings suggested sex- and age-specific differences in recalled maternal and paternal rearing behavior. The current results highlighted the important role of recalled parental rearing behavior besides sociodemographic factors and somatic diseases for the occurrence of depression and anxiety symptoms across the age groups.
针对缺乏基于人群的数据这一情况，本代表性研究的目的是评估在控制社会人口统计学和躯体变量的情况下，父母养育行为与抑郁和焦虑之间的性别及年龄特异性关联。8175名参与一项基于人群研究的受试者完成了测量回忆起的父母养育行为和痛苦程度的标准化问卷。女性回忆起她们的父亲更具控制欲且更温暖，而她们的母亲比男性回忆起的母亲更具排斥性。年龄组（≤60岁与>60岁）之间的比较显示，较年轻的参与者回忆起更多的父母控制和情感温暖。除了社会人口统计学和躯体风险因素外，父亲的排斥和母亲的控制与女性和男性的抑郁及焦虑均相关（比值比1.58 - 1.96；比值比1.37 - 1.66）。母亲的温暖与痛苦呈负相关（比值比0.66 - 0.69）。研究结果表明在回忆起的父母养育行为中存在性别和年龄特异性差异。当前结果突出了回忆起的父母养育行为在各年龄组中除社会人口统计学因素和躯体疾病之外，对于抑郁和焦虑症状发生的重要作用。
