Gandhi Gopalsamy Rajiv, Santos Victor Santana, Denadai Marina, da Silva Calisto Valdete Kaliane, de Souza Siqueira Quintans Jullyana, de Oliveira E Silva Ana Mara, de Souza Araújo Adriano Antunes, Narain Narendra, Cuevas Luis Eduardo, Júnior Lucindo José Quintans, Gurgel Ricardo Queiroz
Division of Paediatrics, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sergipe, Rua Cláudio Batista, s/n, Cidade Nova, Aracaju, 49.100-000 Sergipe, Brazil; Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, 49.100-000 Sergipe, Brazil.
Division of Paediatrics, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sergipe, Rua Cláudio Batista, s/n, Cidade Nova, Aracaju, 49.100-000 Sergipe, Brazil.
Cytokine. 2017 Aug;96:152-160. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.04.013. Epub 2017 Apr 14.
Rotavirus is a leading cause of childhood diarrhoea. Rotavirus vaccines are effective against severe rotavirus gastroenteritis, but have lower efficacy in low income countries in Africa. Anti-rotavirus treatment is not available. This study reviews the literature of animal studies evaluating whether cytokine mediated pathways of immune activation could improve rotavirus therapy.
We performed a systematic review of articles in English published from 2010 to 2016 reporting agents with in vivo antirotavirus activity for the management of rotavirus infection. The search was carried in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus and Web of Science. Animal experiments where cytokines were investigated to assess the outcome of rotavirus therapy were included.
A total of 869 publications were identified. Of these, 19 pertained the objectives of the review, and 11 articles described the effect of probiotics/commensals on rotavirus infection and immune responses in animals. Eight further in vivo studies evaluated the immunomodulating effects of herbs, secondary metabolites and food-derived products on cytokine responses of rotavirus-infected animals. Studies extensively reported the regulatory roles for T-helper (Th)1 (interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-2, IL-12) and Th2 (IL-4, IL-6, IL-10) cytokines responses to rotavirus pathogenesis and immunity, inhibiting rotavirus infection through suppression of inflammation by viral inhibition.
Th1 and Th2 cytokines stimulate the immune system, inhibiting rotavirus binding and/or replication in animal models. Th1/Th2 cytokine responses have optimal immunomodulating effects to reduce rotavirus diarrhoea and enhance immune responses in experimental rotavirus infection.
轮状病毒是儿童腹泻的主要病因。轮状病毒疫苗对重症轮状病毒胃肠炎有效，但在非洲低收入国家的效力较低。目前尚无抗轮状病毒的治疗方法。本研究回顾了动物研究文献，评估细胞因子介导的免疫激活途径是否能改善轮状病毒治疗。
我们对2010年至2016年发表的英文文章进行了系统综述，这些文章报道了具有体内抗轮状病毒活性的药物用于治疗轮状病毒感染。检索了PubMed、EMBASE、Scopus和科学网。纳入了研究细胞因子以评估轮状病毒治疗结果的动物实验。
共识别出869篇出版物。其中，19篇符合综述的目标，11篇文章描述了益生菌/共生菌对动物轮状病毒感染和免疫反应的影响。另有8项体内研究评估了草药、次生代谢产物和食物衍生产品对轮状病毒感染动物细胞因子反应的免疫调节作用。研究广泛报道了辅助性T细胞（Th）1（γ干扰素（IFN-γ）、白细胞介素（IL）-2、IL-12）和Th2（IL-4、IL-6、IL-10）细胞因子反应在轮状病毒发病机制和免疫中的调节作用，通过抑制病毒炎症来抑制轮状病毒感染。
Th1和Th2细胞因子刺激免疫系统，在动物模型中抑制轮状病毒的结合和/或复制。Th1/Th2细胞因子反应具有最佳的免疫调节作用，可减少轮状病毒腹泻并增强实验性轮状病毒感染中的免疫反应。
