Yoruç Afife Binnaz Hazar, Aydınoğlu Aysu
Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Yıldız Technical University, Davutpaşa Cad. No. 127, 34210 Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey.
Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Yıldız Technical University, Davutpaşa Cad. No. 127, 34210 Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey.
Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2017 Jun 1;75:934-946. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.02.049. Epub 2017 Feb 24.
In this study, effects of the starting material on chemical, physical, and biological properties of biomimetic hydroxyapatite ceramic powders (BHA) were investigated. Characterization and chemical analysis of BHA powders were performed by using XRD, FT-IR, and ICP-AES. Microstructural features such as size and morphology of the resulting BHA powders were characterized by using BET, nano particle sizer, pycnometer, and SEM. Additionally, biological properties of the BHA ceramic powders were also investigated by using water-soluble tetrazolium salts test (WST-1). According to the chemical analysis of BHA ceramic powders, chemical structures of ceramics which are prepared under different conditions and by using different starting materials show differences. Ceramic powders which are produced at 80°C are mainly composed of hydroxyapatite, dental hydroxyapatite (contain Na and Mg elements in addition to Ca), and calcium phosphate sulfide. However, these structures are altered at high temperatures such as 900°C depending on the features of starting materials and form various calcium phosphate ceramics and/or their mixtures such as Na-Mg-hydroxyapatite, hydroxyapatite, Mg-Whitlockit, and chloroapatite. In vitro cytotoxicity studies showed that amorphous ceramics produced at 80°C and ceramics containing chloroapatite structure as main or secondary phases were found to be extremely cytotoxic. Furthermore, cell culture studies showed that highly crystalline pure hydroxyapatite structures were extremely cytotoxic due to their high crystallinity values. Consequently, the current study indicates that the selection of starting materials which can be used in the production of calcium phosphate ceramics is very important. It is possible to produce calcium phosphate ceramics which have sufficient biocompatibility at physiological pH values and by using appropriate starting materials.
在本研究中，研究了起始原料对仿生羟基磷灰石陶瓷粉末（BHA）的化学、物理和生物学性能的影响。通过X射线衍射（XRD）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱（ICP-AES）对BHA粉末进行了表征和化学分析。使用比表面积分析仪（BET）、纳米粒度仪、比重瓶和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对所得BHA粉末的尺寸和形态等微观结构特征进行了表征。此外，还通过水溶性四氮唑盐试验（WST-1）研究了BHA陶瓷粉末的生物学性能。根据BHA陶瓷粉末的化学分析，在不同条件下使用不同起始原料制备的陶瓷的化学结构存在差异。在80°C下生产的陶瓷粉末主要由羟基磷灰石、牙釉质羟基磷灰石（除钙外还含有钠和镁元素）和磷酸钙硫化物组成。然而，根据起始原料的特性，这些结构在900°C等高温下会发生变化，形成各种磷酸钙陶瓷和/或它们的混合物，如钠-镁-羟基磷灰石、羟基磷灰石、镁-硅灰石和氯磷灰石。体外细胞毒性研究表明，在80°C下生产的无定形陶瓷以及以氯磷灰石结构为主相或次相的陶瓷具有极高的细胞毒性。此外，细胞培养研究表明，高结晶度的纯羟基磷灰石结构因其高结晶度值而具有极高的细胞毒性。因此，当前研究表明，选择可用于生产磷酸钙陶瓷的起始原料非常重要。通过使用合适的起始原料，有可能生产出在生理pH值下具有足够生物相容性的磷酸钙陶瓷。
