中国北京顺义区肾结石的患病率及相关危险因素
Prevalence of kidney stones and associated risk factors in the Shunyi District of Beijing, China.
作者信息
Jiang Y G, He L H, Luo G T, Zhang X D
机构信息
Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China.
Department of Occupational & Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
出版信息
Hong Kong Med J. 2017 Oct;23(5):462-9. doi: 10.12809/hkmj164904. Epub 2017 Apr 18.
INTRODUCTION
Kidney stone formation is a multifactorial condition that involves interaction of environmental and genetic factors. Presence of kidney stones is strongly related to other diseases, which may result in a heavy economic and social burden. Clinical data on the prevalence and influencing factors in kidney stone disease in the north of China are scarce. In this study, we explored the prevalence of kidney stone and potentially associated risk factors in the Shunyi District of Beijing, China.
METHODS
A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2011 to November 2012 in a northern area of China. Participants were interviewed in randomly selected towns. Univariate analysis of continuous and categorical variables was first performed by calculation of Spearman's correlation coefficient and Pearson Chi squared value, respectively. Variables with statistical significance were further analysed by multivariate logistic regression to explore the potential influencing factors.
RESULTS
A total of 3350 participants (1091 males and 2259 females) completed the survey and the response rate was 99.67%. Among the participants, 3.61% were diagnosed with kidney stone. Univariate analysis showed that significant differences were evident in 31 variables. Blood and urine tests were performed in 100 randomly selected patients with kidney stone and 100 healthy controls. Serum creatinine, calcium, and uric acid were significantly different between the patients with kidney stone and healthy controls. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that being male (odds ratio=102.681; 95% confidence interval, 1.062-9925.797), daily intake of white spirits (6.331; 1.204-33.282), and a history of urolithiasis (1797.775; 24.228-133 396.982) were factors potentially associated with kidney stone prevalence.
CONCLUSIONS
Male gender, drinking white spirits, and a history of urolithiasis are potentially associated with kidney stone formation.
引言
肾结石的形成是一种多因素病症，涉及环境因素与遗传因素的相互作用。肾结石的存在与其他疾病密切相关，这可能会导致沉重的经济和社会负担。中国北方地区肾结石疾病患病率及影响因素的临床数据较为匮乏。在本研究中，我们对中国北京市顺义区的肾结石患病率及潜在相关危险因素进行了探究。
方法
2011年12月至2012年11月在中国北方某地区开展了一项基于人群的横断面研究。在随机选取的城镇对参与者进行访谈。首先分别通过计算Spearman相关系数和Pearson卡方值对连续变量和分类变量进行单因素分析。对具有统计学意义的变量进一步采用多因素logistic回归分析以探究潜在影响因素。
结果
共有3350名参与者（1091名男性和2259名女性）完成了调查，应答率为99.67%。在参与者中，3.61%被诊断患有肾结石。单因素分析显示31个变量存在显著差异。对100名随机选取的肾结石患者和100名健康对照进行了血液和尿液检测。肾结石患者与健康对照之间血清肌酐、钙和尿酸存在显著差异。多因素logistic回归分析显示，男性（比值比=102.681；95%置信区间，1.062 - 9925.797）、每日饮用白酒（6.331；1.204 - 33.282）以及有尿路结石病史（1797.775；24.228 - 133396.982）是与肾结石患病率潜在相关的因素。
结论
男性、饮用白酒以及有尿路结石病史与肾结石形成可能相关。
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