LaLumiere Ryan T, McGaugh James L, McIntyre Christa K
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences and Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa (R.T.L.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California (J.L.M.); and School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas-Dallas, Richardson, Texas (C.K.M.)
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences and Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa (R.T.L.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California (J.L.M.); and School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas-Dallas, Richardson, Texas (C.K.M.).
Pharmacol Rev. 2017 Jul;69(3):236-255. doi: 10.1124/pr.116.013474.
Memory consolidation involves the process by which newly acquired information becomes stored in a long-lasting fashion. Evidence acquired over the past several decades, especially from studies using post-training drug administration, indicates that emotional arousal during the consolidation period influences and enhances the strength of the memory and that multiple different chemical signaling systems participate in this process. The mechanisms underlying the emotional influences on memory involve the release of stress hormones and activation of the basolateral amygdala, which work together to modulate memory consolidation. Moreover, work suggests that this amygdala-based memory modulation occurs with numerous types of learning and involves interactions with many different brain regions to alter consolidation. Additionally, studies suggest that emotional arousal and amygdala activity in particular influence synaptic plasticity and associated proteins in downstream brain regions. This review considers the historical understanding for memory modulation and cellular consolidation processes and examines several research areas currently using this foundational knowledge to develop therapeutic treatments.
记忆巩固涉及新获取的信息以持久方式存储的过程。过去几十年获得的证据，特别是来自训练后药物给药研究的证据表明，巩固期的情绪唤醒会影响并增强记忆强度，并且多种不同的化学信号系统参与这一过程。情绪对记忆影响的潜在机制涉及应激激素的释放和基底外侧杏仁核的激活，它们共同作用来调节记忆巩固。此外，研究表明这种基于杏仁核的记忆调节在多种类型的学习中都会发生，并且涉及与许多不同脑区的相互作用以改变巩固过程。此外，研究表明情绪唤醒，特别是杏仁核活动，会影响下游脑区的突触可塑性和相关蛋白质。本综述考虑了对记忆调节和细胞巩固过程的历史理解，并审视了目前利用这一基础知识开发治疗方法的几个研究领域。
