Mauntel Timothy C, Wikstrom Erik A, Roos Karen G, Djoko Aristarque, Dompier Thomas P, Kerr Zachary Y
Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Am J Sports Med. 2017 Jul;45(9):2156-2163. doi: 10.1177/0363546517701428. Epub 2017 Apr 19.
Ankle sprains are among the most common injuries experienced by collegiate athletes. The type of ankle sprain is rarely differentiated in epidemiological studies. This differentiation is necessary, as each ankle sprain type has a unique injury mechanism and recovery period. High ankle sprains commonly result in long recovery periods. Thus, a further examination of the epidemiology of high ankle sprains is warranted.
To describe the epidemiology of high ankle sprains in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) sports during the 2009/2010-2014/2015 academic years.
Descriptive epidemiology study.
NCAA Injury Surveillance Program high ankle sprain data and athlete-exposures (AEs) from 25 sports were evaluated. Certified athletic trainers recorded sport-related injury, event, and AE data during team-sanctioned events. High ankle sprain injury rates per 10,000 AEs were calculated. Percentage distributions were calculated for the amount of time lost from sport and percentage of recurrent injuries. Injury rate ratios (RRs) and 95% CIs compared injury rates by event type, participation restriction time, and sex. 95% CIs not containing 1.00 were considered statistically significant.
The overall high ankle sprain injury rate was 1.00 per 10,000 AEs. Overall, 56.7% of high ankle sprain injuries occurred during competitions, and 9.8% of high ankle sprain injuries were recurrent. Men's football (2.42/10,000 AEs), wrestling (2.11/10,000 AEs), and ice hockey (1.19/10,000 AEs) had the highest high ankle sprain injury rates. In sex-comparable sports, men had higher injury rates (RR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.28-2.44). Player contact was the most common injury mechanism (60.4%), and 69.0% of injuries resulted in ≥1 day of participation restriction, with 47.1% resulting in ≥7 days of participation restriction and 15.8% resulting in >21 days of participation restriction.
High ankle sprains resulted in significant participation restriction time from sport participation. The majority of high ankle sprain injuries resulted from player contact and were observed in contact/collision sports. The large proportion of high ankle sprains resulting from player contact, specifically in male contact sports, is worthy of further investigation.
The enhanced understanding of the epidemiology of high ankle sprains provided in our study will aid clinicians in developing targeted injury prevention strategies to mitigate the negative consequences of these injuries.
踝关节扭伤是大学生运动员最常见的损伤之一。在流行病学研究中，很少对踝关节扭伤的类型进行区分。这种区分是必要的，因为每种踝关节扭伤类型都有独特的损伤机制和恢复期。高位踝关节扭伤通常会导致较长的恢复期。因此，有必要进一步研究高位踝关节扭伤的流行病学。
描述2009/2010 - 2014/2015学年美国国家大学体育协会（NCAA）体育赛事中高位踝关节扭伤的流行病学情况。
描述性流行病学研究。
评估了NCAA损伤监测计划中25项运动的高位踝关节扭伤数据和运动员暴露次数（AE）。认证的运动训练师在团队认可的赛事中记录与运动相关的损伤、事件和AE数据。计算每10000次AE的高位踝关节扭伤损伤率。计算因伤缺赛时间的百分比分布和复发性损伤的百分比。通过事件类型、参赛限制时间和性别比较损伤率的损伤率比（RR）和95%置信区间（CI）。95%CI不包含1.00被认为具有统计学意义。
高位踝关节扭伤的总体损伤率为每10000次AE 1.00例。总体而言，56.7%的高位踝关节扭伤发生在比赛期间，9.8%的高位踝关节扭伤为复发性损伤。男子足球（每10000次AE 2.42例）、摔跤（每10000次AE 2.11例）和冰球（每10000次AE 1.19例）的高位踝关节扭伤损伤率最高。在性别可比的运动项目中，男性的损伤率更高（RR，1.77；95%CI，1.28 - 2.44）。运动员接触是最常见的损伤机制（60.4%），69.0%的损伤导致≥1天的参赛限制，47.1%的损伤导致≥7天的参赛限制，15.8%的损伤导致>21天的参赛限制。
高位踝关节扭伤导致因运动参赛而产生显著的参赛限制时间。大多数高位踝关节扭伤是由运动员接触引起的，且多见于接触/碰撞性运动项目。特别是在男性接触性运动项目中，因运动员接触导致的高位踝关节扭伤比例较高，值得进一步研究。
我们的研究对高位踝关节扭伤流行病学的深入了解将有助于临床医生制定有针对性的损伤预防策略，以减轻这些损伤的负面影响。
