Zhang Li-Li, Zhang Hao, Li Yue, Wang Tian
a College of Animal Science and Technology , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China.
Arch Anim Nutr. 2017 Jun;71(3):231-245. doi: 10.1080/1745039X.2017.1312812.
It has been shown that there is a relationship between intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and postnatal intestinal damage involved in energy deficits. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) on the intestinal morphology, intestinal function and energy metabolism of piglets with IUGR. At weaning (21 ± 1.1 d of age), 24 IUGR piglets and 24 normal birth weight (NBW) piglets were selected according to their birth weights (BW) (IUGR: 0.95 ± 0.04 kg BW; NBW: 1.58 ± 0.04 kg BW) and their weights at the time of weaning (IUGR: 5.26 ± 0.15 kg BW; NBW: 6.98 ± 0.19 kg BW). The piglets were fed a diet of either long-chain triglycerides (LCT) (containing 5% LCT) or MCT (containing 1% LCT and 4% MCT) for 28 d. Then, the piglets' intestinal morphology, biochemical parameters and mRNA abundance related to intestinal damage and energy metabolism were determined. IUGR was found to impair intestinal morphology, with evidence of decreased villus height and increased crypt depth; however, these negative effects of IUGR were ameliorated by MCT treatment. IUGR piglets showed compromised intestinal digestion and absorption functions when compared with NBW piglets. However, feeding MCT increased the maltase activity in the jejunum and alleviated IUGR-induced reductions in plasma d-xylose concentrations and jejunal sucrase activity. IUGR decreased the efficiency of the piglets' intestinal energy metabolism; however, piglets fed an MCT diet exhibited increased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentrations and ATP synthase F1 complex beta polypeptide expression, as well as decreased adenosine monophosphate-activated kinase alpha 1 expression in the jejunum of piglets. In addition, up-regulation of the piglets' citrate synthase and succinate dehydrogenase levels was found to occur following MCT treatment at both the activity and the transcriptional levels of the jejunum. Therefore, it can be postulated that MCT treatment has beneficial effects in alleviating IUGR-induced intestinal morphologic damage, which is associated with improved intestinal energy metabolism.
研究表明，宫内生长迟缓（IUGR）与产后能量缺乏所致的肠道损伤之间存在关联。因此，本研究旨在探讨中链甘油三酯（MCT）对IUGR仔猪肠道形态、肠道功能及能量代谢的影响。在断奶时（21±1.1日龄），根据出生体重（BW）（IUGR：0.95±0.04kg BW；正常出生体重（NBW）：1.58±0.04kg BW）及断奶时体重（IUGR：5.26±0.15kg BW；NBW：6.98±0.19kg BW）选取24头IUGR仔猪和24头正常出生体重仔猪。给仔猪饲喂含长链甘油三酯（LCT）（含5%LCT）或MCT（含1%LCT和4%MCT）的日粮28天。然后，测定仔猪的肠道形态、生化参数以及与肠道损伤和能量代谢相关的mRNA丰度。发现IUGR会损害肠道形态，表现为绒毛高度降低和隐窝深度增加；然而，MCT处理改善了IUGR的这些负面影响。与NBW仔猪相比，IUGR仔猪的肠道消化和吸收功能受损。然而，饲喂MCT可提高空肠中麦芽糖酶活性，并减轻IUGR引起的血浆D-木糖浓度降低和空肠蔗糖酶活性降低。IUGR降低了仔猪肠道能量代谢效率；然而，饲喂MCT日粮的仔猪空肠中三磷酸腺苷（ATP）浓度和ATP合酶F1复合物β多肽表达增加，且空肠中腺苷单磷酸激活蛋白激酶α1表达降低。此外，在空肠的活性和转录水平上，MCT处理后发现仔猪的柠檬酸合酶和琥珀酸脱氢酶水平上调。因此，可以推测MCT处理对减轻IUGR引起的肠道形态损伤具有有益作用，这与改善肠道能量代谢有关。
