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[马德里社区普及儿童免疫接种后水痘发病率下降。2001 - 2015年]

[Decrease in the incidence of chickenpox in the Community of Madrid after universal childhood immunization. Years 2001-2015].

作者信息

García Comas Luis, Latasa Zamalloa Pello, Alemán Vega Guadalupe, Ordobás Gavín María, Arce Arnáez Araceli, Rodero Garduño Inmaculada, Estirado Gómez Alicia, Marisquerena Ester Insúa

机构信息

Servicio de Epidemiología, Subdirección de Epidemiología, Dirección General de Salud Pública, Consejería de Sanidad, Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, España.

Servicio de Epidemiología, Subdirección de Epidemiología, Dirección General de Salud Pública, Consejería de Sanidad, Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, España.

出版信息

Aten Primaria. 2018 Jan;50(1):53-59. doi: 10.1016/j.aprim.2017.01.010. Epub 2017 Apr 19.

DOI:10.1016/j.aprim.2017.01.010
PMID:28433331
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6837086/
Abstract

OBJECTIVE

Varicella vaccine was recommended in the Community of Madrid (CM) at 15months of age between November 2006 and December 2013. The objective was to describe the impact of vaccination on the incidence of varicella in the CM during the period 2001-2015.

DESIGN

A descriptive study of cases of varicella reported to the Sentinel Physician Network of the CM and the cases recorded in the Minimum Basic Data Set at hospital discharge was carried out. Total incidence of cases and of hospital admissions were calculated, as well as specific incidence by age and sex.

RESULTS

The incidence was 94.0% lower between 2012 and 2013 than between 2001 and 2003. Between 2014 and 2015 the incidence was 61.8% higher than between 2012 and 2013. The highest incidence was observed in children aged 0 to 4years except for 2010-2014, which was exceeded by the incidence in children aged 5 to 9. The trend in hospital admissions was also decreasing, with the highest incidence in children aged 0 to 1year, followed by 1-4years.

CONCLUSIONS

There has been a significant decrease in the incidence of cases and of hospital admissions by varicella in all age groups after the recommendation to vaccinate at 15months of age, which is compatible with the effectiveness of a dose and its ability to produce immunity group. The withdrawal of this recommendation between 2014 and 2015 has led to an increase in the incidence.

摘要

目的

2006年11月至2013年12月期间，马德里自治区（CM）建议在15个月大时接种水痘疫苗。目的是描述2001 - 2015年期间接种疫苗对CM水痘发病率的影响。

设计

对向CM的哨点医师网络报告的水痘病例以及医院出院时最低基本数据集记录的病例进行描述性研究。计算病例总数和住院人数，以及按年龄和性别划分的特定发病率。

结果

2012年至2013年期间的发病率比2001年至2003年期间低94.0%。2014年至2015年期间的发病率比2012年至2013年期间高61.8%。除2010 - 2014年外，0至4岁儿童的发病率最高，该年龄段发病率超过了5至9岁儿童。住院人数的趋势也在下降，0至1岁儿童的发病率最高，其次是1 - 4岁儿童。

结论

在建议15个月大时接种疫苗后，各年龄组水痘病例和住院人数的发病率均显著下降，这与一剂疫苗的有效性及其产生群体免疫力的能力相符。2014年至2015年期间取消该建议导致发病率上升。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3f9d/6837086/df11cf2c80dd/gr2.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3f9d/6837086/9ec50724944c/fx1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3f9d/6837086/e02316d978ba/gr1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3f9d/6837086/df11cf2c80dd/gr2.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3f9d/6837086/9ec50724944c/fx1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3f9d/6837086/e02316d978ba/gr1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3f9d/6837086/df11cf2c80dd/gr2.jpg

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本文引用的文献

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Impact of vaccination on the epidemiology of varicella: 1995-2009.疫苗接种对水痘流行病学的影响：1995-2009 年。
Pediatrics. 2014 Jul;134(1):24-30. doi: 10.1542/peds.2013-4251. Epub 2014 Jun 9.
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Epidemiological characteristics of varicella from 2000 to 2008 and the impact of nationwide immunization in Taiwan.2000 年至 2008 年水痘的流行病学特征及台湾全国性免疫接种的影响。
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Impact of 2-dose vaccination on varicella epidemiology: Connecticut--2005-2008.两剂疫苗接种对水痘流行病学的影响：康涅狄格州，2005-2008 年。
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Vaccine. 2011 Feb 4;29(7):1448-54. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.12.032. Epub 2010 Dec 24.
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Impact of the routine varicella vaccination programme on varicella epidemiology in Germany.德国常规水痘疫苗接种项目对水痘流行病学的影响。
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A decline in varicella but an uncertain impact on zoster following varicella vaccination in Victoria, Australia.澳大利亚维多利亚州水痘疫苗接种后水痘发病率下降，但带状疱疹的影响尚不确定。
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Comparative varicella vaccine effectiveness during outbreaks in day-care centres.在日托中心爆发期间比较水痘疫苗的有效性。
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Universal varicella vaccination in the Sicilian paediatric population: rapid uptake of the vaccination programme and morbidity trends over five years.西西里岛儿童群体中的水痘普遍接种：疫苗接种计划的快速推广及五年间的发病率趋势
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