University of Jyväskylä, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, P.O. Box 35, 40014, University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Kräftriket 2b, 11429, Stockholm, Sweden.
Ambio. 2017 Nov;46(7):743-755. doi: 10.1007/s13280-017-0919-5. Epub 2017 Apr 22.
Forests are widely recognized as major providers of ecosystem services, including timber, other forest products, recreation, regulation of water, soil and air quality, and climate change mitigation. Extensive tracts of boreal forests are actively managed for timber production, but actions aimed at increasing timber yields also affect other forest functions and services. Here, we present an overview of the environmental impacts of forest management from the perspective of ecosystem services. We show how prevailing forestry practices may have substantial but diverse effects on the various ecosystem services provided by boreal forests. Several aspects of these processes remain poorly known and warrant a greater role in future studies, including the role of community structure. Conflicts among different interests related to boreal forests are most likely to occur, but the concept of ecosystem services may provide a useful framework for identifying and resolving these conflicts.
森林被广泛认为是生态系统服务的主要提供者，包括木材、其他森林产品、娱乐、水、土壤和空气质量的调节以及气候变化的缓解。大片的北方森林被积极管理以生产木材，但旨在提高木材产量的行动也会影响其他森林功能和服务。在这里，我们从生态系统服务的角度概述了森林管理的环境影响。我们展示了流行的林业实践如何对北方森林提供的各种生态系统服务产生实质性但多样化的影响。这些过程的几个方面仍然知之甚少，值得在未来的研究中发挥更大的作用，包括群落结构的作用。与北方森林相关的不同利益之间的冲突很可能发生，但生态系统服务的概念可能为识别和解决这些冲突提供一个有用的框架。
