Stem Cell Institute, 500 South Floyd Street, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville 40202, KY, USA; Department of Regenerative Medicine Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Regenerative Medicine Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland.
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2018 Jan 3;80(Pt A):3-9. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.04.020. Epub 2017 Apr 20.
The robustness of stem cells is one of the major factors that directly impacts life quality and life span. Evidence has accumulated that changes in the stem cell compartment affect human mental health and serve as an indicator of psychiatric problems. It is well known that stem cells continuously replace differentiated cells and tissues that are used up during life, although this replacement occurs at a different pace in the various organs. However, the participation of local neural stem cells in regeneration of the central nervous system is controversial. It is known that low numbers of stem cells circulate continuously in peripheral blood (PB) and lymph and undergo a circadian rhythm in their PB level, with the peak occurring early in the morning and the nadir at night, and recent evidence suggests that the number and pattern of circulating stem cells in PB changes in psychotic disorders. On the other hand, progress in the creation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from patient somatic cells provides valuable tools with which to study changes in gene expression in psychotic patients. We will discuss the various potential sources of stem cells that are currently employed in regenerative medicine and the mechanisms that explain some of their beneficial effects as well as the emerging problems with stem cell therapies. However, the main question remains: Will it be possible in the future to modulate the stem cell compartment to reverse psychiatric problems?
干细胞的稳定性是直接影响生活质量和寿命的主要因素之一。有证据表明，干细胞群的变化会影响人类的心理健康，并作为精神问题的指标。众所周知，干细胞会不断替代在生命过程中消耗的分化细胞和组织，尽管这种替代在不同器官中的速度不同。然而，局部神经干细胞是否参与中枢神经系统的再生仍存在争议。已知少量的干细胞会在周围血液（PB）和淋巴中持续循环，并在 PB 水平上表现出昼夜节律，峰值出现在清晨，低谷出现在晚上，最近的证据表明，PB 中循环干细胞的数量和模式在精神障碍中发生变化。另一方面，从患者体细胞中创建诱导多能干细胞（iPSC）的进展为研究精神疾病患者的基因表达变化提供了有价值的工具。我们将讨论目前在再生医学中使用的各种潜在干细胞来源，以及解释它们一些有益效果的机制，以及干细胞治疗中出现的新问题。然而，主要问题仍然存在：将来是否有可能调节干细胞群来逆转精神问题？
