Alegría-Loyola Marco Antonio, Galnares-Olalde Javier Andrés, Mercado Moisés
Centro Neurológico y Comité de Neuro-oncología, Centro Médico ABC, Ciudad de México, México.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 2017 May-Jun;55(3):330-340.
Central nervous system (CNS) tumors constitute a heterogeneous group of neoplasms that share a considerable morbidity and mortality rate. Recent advances in the underlying oncogenic mechanisms of these tumors have led to new classification systems, which, in turn, allow for a better diagnostic approach and therapeutic planning. Most of these neoplasms occur sporadically and several risk factors have been found to be associated with their development, such as exposure to ionizing radiation or electromagnetic fields and the concomitant presence of conditions like diabetes, hypertension and Parkinson's disease. A relatively minor proportion of primary CNS tumors occur in the context of hereditary syndromes. The purpose of this review is to analyze the etiopathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis and therapy of CNS tumors with particular emphasis in the putative risk factors mentioned above.
中枢神经系统（CNS）肿瘤是一组异质性肿瘤，其发病率和死亡率都相当高。这些肿瘤潜在致癌机制的最新进展催生了新的分类系统，进而有助于采用更好的诊断方法和制定治疗方案。这些肿瘤大多为散发性，已发现多种风险因素与其发生有关，如暴露于电离辐射或电磁场，以及同时患有糖尿病、高血压和帕金森病等疾病。相对较小比例的原发性中枢神经系统肿瘤发生于遗传综合征背景下。本综述的目的是分析中枢神经系统肿瘤的病因发病机制、临床表现、诊断和治疗，特别强调上述假定的风险因素。
