Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 39 Kessels Rd, 4108 Coopers Plains, QLD, Australia.
Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 39 Kessels Rd, 4108 Coopers Plains, QLD, Australia.
Sci Total Environ. 2017 Oct 15;596-597:360-368. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.095. Epub 2017 Apr 22.
Leaching of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) from a local point source, a fire-fighting training area, has led to extensive contamination of a groundwater aquifer which has spread underneath part of a nearby town, Oakey, situated in the State of Queensland, Australia. Groundwater is extracted by residents from privately owned wells for daily activities such as watering livestock and garden beds. The concentration of 10 PFAAs in environmental and biological samples (water, soil, grass, chicken egg yolk, serum of horses, cattle and sheep), as well as human serum was investigated to determine the extent of contamination in the town and discuss fate and redistribution of PFAAs. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was the dominant PFAA in all matrices investigated, followed by perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS). PFOS concentrations measured in water ranged between <0.17-14μg/L, concentrations of PFHxS measured between <0.07-6μg/L. PFAAs were detected in backyards (soil, grass), livestock and chicken egg yolk. Significant differences (p<0.01) in PFOS and PFHxS concentrations in two groups of cattle were found, one held within the contamination plume, the other in the vicinity but outside of the contamination plume. In human serum PFOS concentrations ranged from 38 to 381μg/L, while PFHxS ranged from 39 to 214μg/L. Highest PFOS concentrations measured in human serum were >30-fold higher compared to the general Australian population. Through use of contaminated groundwater secondary sources of PFAA contamination are created on private property, leading to further redistribution of contamination and creation of additional human exposure pathways.
从一个局部点源（一个消防训练区）浸出的全氟烷基酸（PFAAs）已导致澳大利亚昆士兰州奥基（Oakey）镇附近的一个地下水含水层受到广泛污染。居民从私人拥有的井中抽取地下水用于日常活动，如灌溉牲畜和花园床。调查了环境和生物样本（水、土壤、草、鸡蛋黄、马、牛和羊的血清）以及人血清中的 10 种 PFAAs 的浓度，以确定该镇的污染程度，并讨论 PFAAs 的归宿和再分布。在所研究的所有基质中，全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）都是主要的 PFAAs，其次是全氟己烷磺酸（PFHxS）。水中测量的 PFOS 浓度范围为<0.17-14μg/L，测量的 PFHxS 浓度范围为<0.07-6μg/L。后院（土壤、草）、牲畜和鸡蛋黄中均检测到 PFAAs。在两组牛中发现了 PFOS 和 PFHxS 浓度的显著差异（p<0.01），一组位于污染羽流范围内，另一组位于污染羽流附近但在其范围之外。人血清中的 PFOS 浓度范围为 38 至 381μg/L，而 PFHxS 浓度范围为 39 至 214μg/L。人血清中测量的 PFOS 浓度最高值比澳大利亚一般人群高出 30 多倍。受污染地下水的使用在私人财产上造成了 PFAAs 污染的次生来源，导致污染的进一步再分布和创造了更多的人类暴露途径。
