Sellami Badreddine, Mezni Amine, Khazri Abdelhafidh, Bouzidi Imen, Saidani Wiem, Sheehan David, Beyrem Hamouda
Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer, Tabarka, Tunisia.
Unit of Research 99/UR12-30, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, 7021 Jarzouna, Tunisia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
Aquat Toxicol. 2017 Jul;188:10-19. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.04.005. Epub 2017 Apr 15.
The synthesis of hybrid nanomaterials has greatly increased in recent years due to their special physical and chemical properties. However, information regarding the environmental toxicity associated with these chemicals is limited, in particular in the aquatic environment. In the present study, an experiment was performed in which the marine bivalve (Ruditapes decussatus) was exposed for 14days to 2 concentrations of zinc oxide-decorated Au nanoparticles (Au-ZnONPs: Au-ZnONP50=50μg/L; Au-ZnONP100=100μg/L). The stability and resistance of Au-ZnONPs in the natural seawater were assessed by combining transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy revealed uptake of these nanoparticles within clams and their ability to induce metallic deregulation. The results obtained indicate that Au-ZnONPs induce biochemical and histological alterations within either the digestive gland or gill tissues at high concentration. This was deduced from the significant increase in HO level, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities and malondialdehyde content. Furthermore, the toxicity of Au-ZnO nanoparticles was linked with the increase of intracellular iron and calcium levels in both tissues. Histological alterations in gill and digestive gland were more pronounced with Au-ZnONP100 and this is likely related to oxidative mechanisms. Gill and digestive gland are differentially sensitive to Au-ZnONPs if the exposure concentration is higher than 50μg/L. In conclusion, the parameters considered here could constitute reliable biomarkers for evaluation of hybrid nanoparticles toxicity in environmental model organisms. In addition, based on the results obtained, gill and digestive gland of R. decussatus could be proposed as models to detect harmful effects of hybrid nanoparticles.
近年来，由于其特殊的物理和化学性质，杂化纳米材料的合成量大幅增加。然而，关于这些化学物质对环境毒性的信息有限，尤其是在水生环境中。在本研究中，进行了一项实验，将海洋双壳贝类（波纹巴非蛤）暴露于两种浓度的氧化锌修饰金纳米颗粒（Au-ZnONPs：Au-ZnONP50 = 50μg/L；Au-ZnONP100 = 100μg/L）中14天。通过结合透射电子显微镜和动态光散射评估了Au-ZnONPs在天然海水中的稳定性和抗性。电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法揭示了这些纳米颗粒在蛤中的摄取及其诱导金属失调的能力。所得结果表明，高浓度的Au-ZnONPs会在消化腺或鳃组织中引起生化和组织学改变。这是由HO水平、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性以及丙二醛含量的显著增加推导出来的。此外，Au-ZnO纳米颗粒的毒性与两种组织中细胞内铁和钙水平的增加有关。Au-ZnONP100处理组鳃和消化腺的组织学改变更为明显，这可能与氧化机制有关。如果暴露浓度高于50μg/L，鳃和消化腺对Au-ZnONPs的敏感性存在差异。总之，这里考虑的参数可以构成评估环境模型生物中杂化纳米颗粒毒性的可靠生物标志物。此外，根据所得结果，波纹巴非蛤的鳃和消化腺可被提议作为检测杂化纳米颗粒有害影响的模型。
