Meyers J D
Program in Infectious Diseases, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle.
Bone Marrow Transplant. 1988 Mar;3(2):95-104.
Based on the known epidemiology of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, primary infection among seronegative patients is preventable by use of seronegative blood products including marrow. A potential alternative is use of leukocyte-depleted blood products. Efficacy of passive immunoprophylaxis remains uncertain, and this modality cannot be recommended until additional studies are available. Antiviral agents can be used to suppress or delay CMV infection among seropositive patients who develop active infection from reactivation of latent virus. Intravenous acyclovir significantly reduced the probability of CMV infection and disease among seropositive patients in a controlled trial. The new antiviral agents ganciclovir and foscarnet may provide better results, although the marrow toxicity of ganciclovir may limit its utility. For treatment of CMV pneumonia the combination of ganciclovir and CMV immunoglobulin has shown promise in initial trials.
根据已知的巨细胞病毒（CMV）感染流行病学，血清阴性患者中的原发性感染可通过使用包括骨髓在内的血清阴性血液制品来预防。一种潜在的替代方法是使用白细胞去除血液制品。被动免疫预防的效果仍不确定，在有更多研究之前，不能推荐这种方法。抗病毒药物可用于抑制或延缓潜伏病毒激活引发的活动性感染的血清阳性患者中的CMV感染。在一项对照试验中，静脉注射阿昔洛韦显著降低了血清阳性患者中CMV感染和疾病的发生率。新型抗病毒药物更昔洛韦和膦甲酸可能会有更好的效果，尽管更昔洛韦的骨髓毒性可能会限制其应用。对于CMV肺炎的治疗，更昔洛韦和CMV免疫球蛋白的联合应用在初步试验中已显示出前景。
