Gilani S, Howarth G S, Tran C D, Barekatain R, Kitessa S M, Forder R E A, Hughes R J
School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Poultry CRC, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia.
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2018 Feb;102(1):e486-e492. doi: 10.1111/jpn.12712. Epub 2017 Apr 26.
Fasting of up to 24 hr has been shown to increase intestinal permeability (IP) in chickens. The aim of this study was to determine whether fasting duration of 4.5 and 9 hr increased IP and whether l-glutamine (a non-essential amino acid) supplementation before fasting provided some protection of barrier function as shown in other species. Ross 308 male broilers (n = 96) were fed either a control diet or the same diet supplemented with 1% glutamine from d0 to d38 post-hatch. On d37, the birds were assigned to single-bird metabolism cages and were fasted for either 0, 4.5, 9 or 19.5 hr. This study design was 2 × 4 factorial with two levels of glutamine and four levels of fasting. Birds in the 0-hr fasting group had free access to feed. All birds had ad libitum access to water. To measure IP on day 38, following their respective fasting periods, birds were administered two separate oral gavages of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d) followed by lactulose, mannitol and rhamnose (LMR) sugars, 60 min apart. Whole blood was collected from the jugular vein 90 min post-LMR sugar gavage. FITC-d and L/M/R ratios were measured by spectrophotometry and high-performance ionic chromatography respectively. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxins in plasma of the birds fed the control diet were also measured using chicken-specific LPS antibody ELISA. Serum FITC-d and plasma L/M and L/R ratios for 4.5, 9 and 19.5 hr were significantly (p < .05) higher compared to the non-fasting group. However, IP was not different in the glutamine-supplemented group (p > .05) compared to the control group. LPS concentrations measured by the ELISA were below the detectable range. We conclude that fasting periods of 4.5 and 9 hr increased IP compared to non-fasted birds and dietary glutamine supplementation did not ameliorate changes in IP.
长达24小时的禁食已被证明会增加鸡的肠道通透性（IP）。本研究的目的是确定4.5小时和9小时的禁食时间是否会增加肠道通透性，以及在禁食前补充L-谷氨酰胺（一种非必需氨基酸）是否如在其他物种中所示，能对屏障功能提供一定保护。罗斯308雄性肉鸡（n = 96）从孵化后第0天到第38天，分别饲喂对照日粮或添加1%谷氨酰胺的相同日粮。在第37天，将鸡分配到单笼代谢笼中，分别禁食0、4.5、9或19.5小时。本研究设计为2×4析因试验，有两个谷氨酰胺水平和四个禁食水平。0小时禁食组的鸡可自由采食。所有鸡均可自由饮水。为了在第38天测量肠道通透性，在各自的禁食期后，给鸡分别口服两次异硫氰酸荧光素葡聚糖（FITC-d），间隔60分钟，随后口服乳果糖、甘露醇和鼠李糖（LMR）。在LMR糖灌胃90分钟后，从颈静脉采集全血。分别通过分光光度法和高效离子色谱法测量FITC-d以及L/M/R比值。还使用鸡特异性LPS抗体ELISA测量了饲喂对照日粮的鸡血浆中的脂多糖（LPS）内毒素。与非禁食组相比，禁食4.5、9和19.5小时组的血清FITC-d以及血浆L/M和L/R比值显著更高（p < 0.05）。然而，与对照组相比，补充谷氨酰胺组的肠道通透性并无差异（p > 0.05）。通过ELISA测量的LPS浓度低于可检测范围。我们得出结论，与未禁食的鸡相比，4.5小时和9小时的禁食时间会增加肠道通透性，日粮中补充谷氨酰胺并不能改善肠道通透性的变化。
