Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens GA, 30602, USA.
Department of Population Health, University of Georgia, Athens GA, 30602, USA.
Poult Sci. 2022 Aug;101(8):101959. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101959. Epub 2022 May 13.
Genetic selection for increased growth rate in broilers makes feed restriction programs such as skip-a-day (SAD) feeding, for broiler breeders essential to managing body weight, flock uniformity, and reproductive performance. The objective of this experiment was to compare intestinal development, weight gain of breeder pullets, and reproductive performance (22-45 wk) when fed a high fiber diet (3.8% crude fiber) on either an every-day (ED) or SAD basis during rearing. The same developer ration and feed amounts were fed to both treatments. Day-old Ross 708 pullet chicks (n = 912) were randomly distributed into 4 floor pens (n = 228/pen, 2 pens/treatment). At 20 wk of age all birds were weighed, and the coefficient of variation (CV) and average body weight was calculated for each treatment. Birds were then distributed into 10 lay pens (n = 35 birds/pen, 5 pens/treatment) at 21.5 wk of age. Light was increased from 8 h to 15.25 h at move to the lay facility, and all birds were daily fed for the remainder of the study. Data were analyzed by SAS SLICE using a significance level of P ≤ 0.05. During lay, 25% of the birds from each treatment were weighed weekly to adjust feed and monitor body weight. At 21 wk the ED fed pullets were more uniform (P = 0.0007) than the SAD fed pullets. Eggs were collected daily and set for hatch every 4 wk from 28 to 42 wk of age. No significant difference in the hatch data were observed. The ED fed birds achieved first egg at 166 d of age while the SAD fed birds achieved first egg at 173 d of age. Specific gravity was measured every 2 wk from 30 to 40 wk, with ED reared birds having better overall eggshell quality (P = 0.02) and greater egg weight (P < 0.0001) than those fed SAD. Feeding a high fiber diet on an ED basis during rearing, improved body weight uniformity in rearing, encouraged early lay, improved eggshell quality and increased egg weight.
遗传选择提高肉鸡生长速度，使肉鸡饲养者必须采用限饲计划，如隔日（SAD）饲喂，以控制体重、群体均匀度和繁殖性能。本试验的目的是比较在育雏期饲喂高纤维日粮（3.8%粗蛋白）时，采用每日（ED）或 SAD 限饲对后备母鸡肠道发育、体重增加和繁殖性能（22-45 周）的影响。两种处理均采用相同的育雏料和喂料量。1 日龄罗斯 708 雏鸡（n = 912）随机分配到 4 个地板笼中（n = 228/笼，2 笼/处理）。20 周龄时，所有鸡称重，计算每个处理的变异系数（CV）和平均体重。然后，在 21.5 周龄时，将所有鸡分配到 10 个产蛋笼中（n = 35 只/笼，5 笼/处理）。移至产蛋设施时，光照从 8 小时增加到 15.25 小时，研究剩余时间所有鸡均每日喂料。采用 SAS SLICE 分析数据，显著水平 P ≤ 0.05。产蛋期间，每处理 25%的鸡每周称重一次，以调整饲料和监测体重。21 周龄时，ED 饲喂的后备母鸡比 SAD 饲喂的后备母鸡更均匀（P = 0.0007）。每天收集鸡蛋，每隔 4 周从 28 周到 42 周龄进行孵化。未观察到孵化数据的显著差异。ED 饲喂的鸡在 166 日龄产第一枚蛋，而 SAD 饲喂的鸡在 173 日龄产第一枚蛋。从 30 周到 40 周，每隔 2 周测量比重，ED 饲养的鸡蛋壳质量整体较好（P = 0.02），蛋重较大（P < 0.0001）。在育雏期采用 ED 限饲高纤维日粮，可改善育雏体重均匀度，促进早期产蛋，提高蛋壳质量，增加蛋重。
