Wang Jiangshui, Wang Dianchun, Li Kaixuan, Xia Lei, Wang Yuanyuan, Jiang Lei, Heng Chianning, Guo Xiuyun, Liu Wei, Zhan Xiuan
Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed in East China, Ministry of Agriculture and Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Feed Science Institute, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University (Zijingang Campus), Hangzhou 310058, China.
Animals (Basel). 2020 Sep 3;10(9):1568. doi: 10.3390/ani10091568.
(1) Background: Under practical conditions, newly hatched chicks were usually withheld feed and water for 48 to 72 h. It was shown that early feeding after hatch promoted gastrointestinal development of broiler chicks. However, the mechanism of early feeding affecting intestinal development in chicks needs further research. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of first feed administration on intestinal morphology, barrier function, and plasma hormones in broilers during the initial 168 h posthatch. (2) Methods: A total of 720 one-day-old chicks (newborn chick, Lingnan Yellow) were placed 2 h after hatch and randomly assigned to three treatments: Group A (feed immediately after placement), Group B (fasting for 24 h after placement), and Group C (fasting for 48 h after placement). The trial lasted for 168 h and water ad libitum all the time. Sampling was performed at 0, 24, 48, 72, 120, and 168 h. (3) Results: Higher ( 0.05) absolute weight and relative weight of the small intestine were observed in Group A. Moreover, the villus height, crypt depth, and ratio of the jejunum and ileum were significantly higher ( 0.05) in Groups A and B than those in Group C. Microvilli of the duodenum were closely packed in Group A but sparse and disorganized in Groups B and C. The expression levels of mRNA and protein of tight junction genes (occludin and claudin-1) were upregulated ( 0.05) in Group A. The levels of gastrin and insulin in plasma were decreased ( 0.05) significantly in the Groups B and C. However, chicks in Groups B and C had higher ( 0.05) plasma glucagon levels at 24 and 48 h after placement. (4) Conclusions: These results suggested that early feeding posthatch had a positive effect on small intestinal growth increasing weight and improving intestinal morphology and barrier function.
(1) 背景：在实际情况下，新孵化出的雏鸡通常会被禁食禁水48至72小时。研究表明，孵化后尽早喂食可促进肉鸡雏鸡的胃肠道发育。然而，早期喂食影响雏鸡肠道发育的机制仍需进一步研究。本研究旨在探讨首次喂食对孵化后最初168小时内肉鸡肠道形态、屏障功能和血浆激素的影响。(2) 方法：总共720只1日龄雏鸡（岭南黄新生雏鸡）在孵化后2小时放置，并随机分为三组：A组（放置后立即喂食）、B组（放置后禁食24小时）和C组（放置后禁食48小时）。试验持续168小时，全程自由饮水。在0、24、48、72、120和168小时进行采样。(3) 结果：A组的小肠绝对重量和相对重量更高（P<0.05）。此外，A组和B组空肠和回肠的绒毛高度、隐窝深度及比值均显著高于C组（P<0.05）。A组十二指肠的微绒毛紧密排列，而B组和C组则稀疏且排列紊乱。紧密连接基因（闭合蛋白和Claudin-1）的mRNA和蛋白表达水平在A组中上调（P<0.05）。B组和C组血浆中胃泌素和胰岛素水平显著降低（P<0.05）。然而，B组和C组的雏鸡在放置后24和48小时血浆胰高血糖素水平更高（P<0.05）。(4) 结论：这些结果表明，孵化后尽早喂食对小肠生长具有积极影响，可增加重量并改善肠道形态和屏障功能。
