Camp Christopher L, Conte Stan, Cohen Steven B, Thompson Matthew, D' Angelo John, Nguyen Joseph T, Dines Joshua S
Department of Orthopedics, Sports Medicine Service, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Conte Injury Analytics, San Carlos, California, USA.
Orthop J Sports Med. 2017 Mar 7;5(3):2325967117694025. doi: 10.1177/2325967117694025. eCollection 2017 Mar.
Oblique injuries are known to be a common cause of time out of play for professional baseball players, and prior work has suggested that injury rates may be on the rise in Major League Baseball (MLB).
To better understand the current incidence of oblique injuries, determine their impact based on time out of play, and to identify common injury patterns that may guide future injury prevention programs.
Descriptive epidemiological study.
Using the MLB Health and Injury Tracking System, all oblique injuries that resulted in time out of play in MLB and Minor League Baseball (MiLB) during the 2011 to 2015 seasons were identified. Player demographics such as age, position/role, and handedness were included. Injury-specific factors analyzed included the following: date of injury, timing during season, days missed, mechanism, side, treatment, and reinjury status.
A total of 996 oblique injuries occurred in 259 (26%) MLB and 737 (74%) MiLB players. Although the injury rate was steady in MiLB, the MLB injury rate declined ( = .037). A total of 22,064 days were missed at a mean rate of 4413 days per season and 22.2 days per injury. The majority of these occurred during batting (n = 455, 46%) or pitching (n = 348, 35%), with pitchers losing 5 days more per injury than batters ( < .001). The leading side was injured in 77% of cases and took 5 days longer to recover from than trailing side injuries ( = .009). Seventy-nine (7.9%) players received either a corticosteroid or platelet-rich plasma injection, and the mean recovery time was 11 days longer compared with those who did not receive an injection ( < .001).
Although the rate of abdominal oblique injuries is on the decline in MLB, this is not the case for MiLB, and these injuries continue to represent a significant source of time out of play in professional baseball. The vast majority of injuries occur on the lead side, and these injuries result in the greatest amount time out of play. The benefit of injections for the treatment of oblique injuries remains unknown.
已知斜肌损伤是职业棒球运动员缺阵的常见原因，先前的研究表明美国职业棒球大联盟（MLB）的损伤率可能在上升。
更好地了解当前斜肌损伤的发生率，根据缺阵时间确定其影响，并识别可能指导未来损伤预防计划的常见损伤模式。
描述性流行病学研究。
使用美国职业棒球大联盟健康与损伤跟踪系统，确定了2011年至2015赛季期间美国职业棒球大联盟和美国小联盟棒球（MiLB）中所有导致缺阵的斜肌损伤。纳入了球员的人口统计学信息，如年龄、位置/角色和惯用手。分析的特定损伤因素包括：受伤日期、赛季中的时间、缺阵天数、受伤机制、受伤侧、治疗方法和再次受伤状况。
259名（26%）美国职业棒球大联盟球员和737名（74%）美国小联盟棒球球员共发生了996例斜肌损伤。虽然美国小联盟棒球的损伤率保持稳定，但美国职业棒球大联盟的损伤率有所下降（P = 0.037）。总共缺阵22064天，平均每个赛季缺阵4413天，每次损伤缺阵22.2天。其中大多数损伤发生在击球时（n = 455，46%）或投球时（n = 348，35%），投手每次损伤比击球手多缺阵5天（P < 0.001）。77%的病例中优势侧受伤，优势侧损伤的恢复时间比非优势侧损伤长5天（P = 0.009）。79名（7.9%）球员接受了皮质类固醇或富含血小板血浆注射，与未接受注射的球员相比，平均恢复时间长11天（P < 0.001）。
虽然美国职业棒球大联盟中腹斜肌损伤率在下降，但美国小联盟棒球并非如此，这些损伤仍然是职业棒球运动员缺阵的重要原因。绝大多数损伤发生在优势侧，这些损伤导致的缺阵时间最长。注射治疗斜肌损伤的益处尚不清楚。
