The Robinson Research Institute, Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Monash Centre for Health Research Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2017 Jun;25(6):1022-1032. doi: 10.1002/oby.21848. Epub 2017 Apr 28.
Optimizing maternal diet during pregnancy improves maternal and infant health. This study assessed the effect of an antenatal lifestyle intervention for women with overweight or obesity on dietary patterns during pregnancy and post partum.
This study is a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial in which pregnant women (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m ) received lifestyle advice (n = 943) or standard care (n = 924). Dietary pattern analysis was undertaken using factor analysis with comparisons between trial entry and 28 weeks, 36 weeks, and 4 months post partum.
The dietary pattern analysis revealed two distinct patterns: "prudent" and "Western." There was a significant difference between groups in the change over time for both patterns (P < 0.001). For the prudent score, the lifestyle group had higher scores at all times after trial entry compared with standard care, while for the Western score, the lifestyle group had a lower score at 28 weeks. The intervention effect differed based on trial entry BMI (P = 0.043) and smoking (P = 0.019), with higher prudent scores for women with obesity compared with overweight and smokers compared with nonsmokers.
The provision of an antenatal lifestyle intervention for women with overweight and obesity was associated with an improvement in dietary patterns that persisted post partum. This has important implications for the future consideration of optimal dietary intervention components to include in antenatal lifestyle interventions.
优化孕期的孕产妇饮食可改善母婴健康。本研究评估了超重或肥胖孕妇的产前生活方式干预对孕期和产后饮食模式的影响。
本研究为一项随机对照试验的二次分析，其中超重或肥胖孕妇（BMI≥25kg/m²）接受生活方式建议（n=943）或标准护理（n=924）。采用因子分析对饮食模式进行分析，并比较了试验开始时与 28 周、36 周和产后 4 个月的饮食模式。
饮食模式分析显示出两种不同的模式：“谨慎”和“西方”。两组在两种模式的随时间变化方面均存在显著差异（P<0.001）。对于谨慎评分，生活方式组在试验开始后的所有时间都比标准护理组得分更高，而对于西方评分，生活方式组在 28 周时得分更低。干预效果基于试验开始时的 BMI（P=0.043）和吸烟情况（P=0.019）而有所不同，肥胖女性的谨慎评分高于超重女性，吸烟者的谨慎评分高于不吸烟者。
为超重或肥胖孕妇提供产前生活方式干预与产后持续改善的饮食模式有关。这对未来考虑在产前生活方式干预中纳入最佳饮食干预成分具有重要意义。
