Verbickas V, Baranauskiene N, Eimantas N, Kamandulis S, Rutkauskas S, Satkunskiene D, Sadauskas S, Brazaitis M, Skurvydas A
Institute of Sports Science and Innovation, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania.
Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
J Physiol Pharmacol. 2017 Feb;68(1):125-132.
Selection of optimal physical load is essential for desired adaptation including health benefits. We hypothesized that neuromuscular, immune and stress indicators will be higher after energy demanding sprint interval exercise (SIE) than to mechanically demanding stretch-shortening cycle exercise (SSE). The main aim of this study was to assess and compare the kinetics of blood brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), norepinephrine (NE) and cortisol (as stress indicators) and proinflammatory (IL-6) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines within 24 hours after metabolically demanding SIE and after muscle damage inducing SSE. Twenty healthy physically active young men randomly assigned to two equal groups to complete 12 bouts of 5 s stationary cycling sprints every 3 min (SIE) or 200 drop-jumps with 30 s interval between each jump (SSE), respectively. Quadriceps muscle maximal voluntary contraction torque and voluntary activation and soreness were measured and blood samples collected before and 2 min, 1 hour, 12 hours and 24 hours after the SIE and SSE. The BDNF, cortisol, IL-6 and NE levels increased more at 2 min after SIE than SSE (P < 0.05); however, the IL-10 level did not differ between SIE and SSE. BDNF and cortisol levels were decreased at 24 h after both SIE and especially after SSE. The higher was the initial BDNF level, the greater was its decrease at 24 h after both type of exercise. Before exercise BDNF level correlated closely with the change in central fatigue (decrease in voluntary activation) after both SIE and SSE. We thus conclude that both metabolically demanding SIE and muscle damage inflicting SSE induced long-lasting decrease in circulating BDNF which may not promote brain health. The level of circulating BDNF, but not cortisol, IL-6, IL-10 or NE, was associated with changes in central motor fatigue.
选择最佳的身体负荷对于实现包括健康益处在内的理想适应至关重要。我们假设，与机械负荷较大的伸缩周期运动（SSE）相比，在能量需求较高的冲刺间歇运动（SIE）后，神经肌肉、免疫和应激指标会更高。本研究的主要目的是评估和比较在代谢需求较高的SIE后以及诱导肌肉损伤的SSE后24小时内，血脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）、去甲肾上腺素（NE）和皮质醇（作为应激指标）以及促炎细胞因子（IL-6）和抗炎细胞因子（IL-10）的变化情况。20名健康且有体育锻炼习惯的年轻男性被随机分为两组，分别每3分钟完成12次5秒的固定自行车冲刺（SIE），或每次跳跃间隔30秒进行200次纵跳（SSE）。在SIE和SSE之前以及之后2分钟、1小时、12小时和24小时测量股四头肌最大自主收缩扭矩、自主激活和酸痛情况，并采集血样。SIE后2分钟时，BDNF、皮质醇、IL-6和NE水平的升高幅度大于SSE（P<0.05）；然而，SIE和SSE之间的IL-10水平没有差异。SIE和SSE后24小时，BDNF和皮质醇水平均下降，尤其是SSE后下降更明显。运动前BDNF水平越高，两种运动后24小时其下降幅度越大。运动前BDNF水平与SIE和SSE后中枢疲劳（自主激活降低）的变化密切相关。因此，我们得出结论，代谢需求较高的SIE和造成肌肉损伤的SSE均会导致循环BDNF长期下降，这可能不利于大脑健康。循环BDNF水平而非皮质醇、IL-6、IL-10或NE水平与中枢运动疲劳的变化有关。
