Tang Julian W, Lam Tommy T, Zaraket Hassan, Lipkin W Ian, Drews Steven J, Hatchette Todd F, Heraud Jean-Michel, Koopmans Marion P
Clinical Microbiology, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UK; Department of Infection, Inflammation and Immunity, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
Lancet Infect Dis. 2017 Oct;17(10):e320-e326. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(17)30238-4. Epub 2017 Apr 28.
Together with influenza, the non-influenza RNA respiratory viruses (NIRVs), which include respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza viruses, coronavirus, rhinovirus, and human metapneumovirus, represent a considerable global health burden, as recognised by WHO's Battle against Respiratory Viruses initiative. By contrast with influenza viruses, little is known about the contemporaneous global diversity of these viruses, and the relevance of such for development of pharmaceutical interventions. Although far less advanced than for influenza, antiviral drugs and vaccines are in different stages of development for several of these viruses, but no interventions have been licensed. This scarcity of global genetic data represents a substantial knowledge gap and impediment to the eventual licensing of new antiviral drugs and vaccines for NIRVs. Enhanced genetic surveillance will assist and boost research and development into new antiviral drugs and vaccines for these viruses. Additionally, understanding the global diversity of respiratory viruses is also part of emerging disease preparedness, because non-human coronaviruses and paramyxoviruses have been listed as priority concerns in a recent WHO research and development blueprint initiative for emerging infectious diseases. In this Personal View, we explain further the rationale for expanding the genetic database of NIRVs and emphasise the need for greater investment in this area of research.
与流感病毒一样，非流感RNA呼吸道病毒（NIRV），包括呼吸道合胞病毒、副流感病毒、冠状病毒、鼻病毒和人偏肺病毒，构成了相当大的全球健康负担，这是世界卫生组织“抗击呼吸道病毒”倡议所认可的。与流感病毒相比，人们对这些病毒的全球同期多样性以及这对药物干预开发的相关性知之甚少。尽管这些病毒的抗病毒药物和疫苗的研发远不如流感病毒那样先进，但针对其中几种病毒的抗病毒药物和疫苗正处于不同的研发阶段，但尚无任何干预措施获得许可。全球基因数据的匮乏代表了一个巨大的知识空白，阻碍了NIRV新型抗病毒药物和疫苗最终获得许可。加强基因监测将有助于并推动针对这些病毒的新型抗病毒药物和疫苗的研发。此外，了解呼吸道病毒的全球多样性也是新发疾病防范工作的一部分，因为在世界卫生组织最近一项针对新发传染病的研发蓝图倡议中，非人类冠状病毒和副粘病毒已被列为优先关注对象。在这篇个人观点文章中，我们进一步解释了扩大NIRV基因数据库的基本原理，并强调了在这一研究领域加大投资 的必要性。
