Kumar Praveen, Vats Omvati, Kumar Dinesh, Singh Sarman
Division of Clinical Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Trop Parasitol. 2017 Jan-Jun;7(1):37-40. doi: 10.4103/2229-5070.202291.
Diarrhoea is an important cause of both morbidity and mortality among children in India. Coccidian parasitic infections are an important cause of diarrhea in immunocompromised patients, but their investigations are rarely sought by the treating physicians in seemingly immunocompetent children. This study was aimed to find the incidence rate of coccidian parasites in all children presented with diarrhoea, irrespective of their immune status.
Between December 2015 and May 2016, all fecal samples from children aged between 0 and 15 years presenting with diarrhoea, irrespective of their immune status, were examined using conventional wet mount and modified acid-fast staining. At the end of the study, records of their clinical history and immune status including HIV positivity were evaluated. Findings of wet-mount and modified acid-fast stained smear microscopy were analyzed in relation with clinical details.
During the study, samples from 200 children (single sample) with diarrhea were processed. Their mean age was 5.7 ± 3.3 years (range 4-168 months). Seventeen out of 200 (8.5%) samples were positive for acid-fast coccidian parasites. Eight (4%) samples were found to be positive for , while 5 (2.5%) were positive for and 4 (2%) samples for oocysts. Half (50%) of the children who were tested positive for and were found to be otherwise immunocompetent. However, all four cases of were immunocompromised patients.
We highlight the high incidence of coccidian parasites among immunocompetent children with diarrhea. The clinicians need to be aware that coccidian parasites are a potential cause of childhood diarrhea even in immunocompetent children.
腹泻是印度儿童发病和死亡的重要原因。球虫寄生虫感染是免疫功能低下患者腹泻的重要原因，但在看似免疫功能正常的儿童中，治疗医生很少对其进行检查。本研究旨在确定所有腹泻儿童中球虫寄生虫的发病率，无论其免疫状态如何。
2015年12月至2016年5月，对0至15岁腹泻儿童的所有粪便样本进行检查，无论其免疫状态如何，采用传统湿片法和改良抗酸染色法。在研究结束时，评估他们的临床病史和免疫状态记录，包括艾滋病毒阳性情况。结合临床细节分析湿片法和改良抗酸染色涂片显微镜检查的结果。
在研究期间，对200名腹泻儿童（单个样本）的样本进行了处理。他们的平均年龄为5.7±3.3岁（范围4至168个月）。200个样本中有17个（8.5%）抗酸球虫寄生虫呈阳性。8个（4%）样本被发现 呈阳性，而5个（2.5%）样本 呈阳性，4个（2%）样本 卵囊呈阳性。在 和 检测呈阳性的儿童中，有一半（50%）在其他方面免疫功能正常。然而，所有4例 病例均为免疫功能低下患者。
我们强调免疫功能正常的腹泻儿童中球虫寄生虫的高发病率。临床医生需要意识到，即使在免疫功能正常的儿童中，球虫寄生虫也是儿童腹泻的潜在原因。
