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拉布拉多寻回犬主人报告的呕吐和腹泻的发病率及风险因素分析——来自狗狗生活队列研究的结果

Incidence rates and risk factor analyses for owner reported vomiting and diarrhoea in Labrador Retrievers - findings from the Dogslife Cohort.

作者信息

Pugh Carys A, Bronsvoort B Mark de C, Handel Ian G, Querry Damon, Rose Erica, Summers Kim M, Clements Dylan N

机构信息

Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, Scotland, United Kingdom.

Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, Scotland, United Kingdom.

出版信息

Prev Vet Med. 2017 May 1;140:19-29. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2017.02.014. Epub 2017 Feb 27.

Abstract

Dogslife collects data directly from owners of Labrador Retrievers across the UK including information regarding signs of illness irrespective of whether the signs precipitated a veterinary visit. In December 2015, the cohort comprised 6084 dogs aged up to six years and their owners had made 2687 and 2601 reports of diarrhoea and vomiting respectively. The co-occurrence of vomiting and diarrhoea with other signs was described and the frequencies and durations of the two signs were examined with reference to veterinary visitation. Age-specific illness rates were described and Cox Proportional Hazards models were used to estimate risk factors. Just 37% of diarrhoea reports were associated with a veterinary visit and the proportion was even lower for vomiting at 28%; indicating that studies of veterinary practice data miss the majority of signs of gastrointestinal upset. In terms of frequency and duration, diarrhoea typically needed to last two days before the dog would be taken to the vet but if the dog vomited at least every six hours, the owner would be more likely to take the dog to the vet after one day. The illness rates of both signs peaked when the dogs were aged between three and six months. There was also a seasonal pattern to the incidents with the lowest hazards for both in May. Diarrhoea incidents peaked in August-September each year but, while vomiting appeared to be higher in September, it peaked in February. Having another dog in the household was associated with a lower hazard for both vomiting and diarrhoea but having a cat was only associated with a reduced hazard of vomiting. In addition to the distinct seasonal patterns of reporting, there were clear differences in the geographic risks for the two signs. The hazard of diarrhoea was positively associated with human population density within Great Britain (according to home post code) whereas no significant geographical association was found with vomiting. This study is particularly relevant for dog owners because it highlights the wealth of gastrointestinal illnesses in dogs that are dealt with by owners but never seen by veterinarians. The risk factor analyses make use of owner-reported demographic information, highlighting the differences between vomiting and diarrhoea. The analyses give rise to the possibility that the presence of other pets in households may affect rates of illness and indicate new avenues for investigations of these distinct, and oft-suffered conditions.

摘要

“狗狗生活”项目直接从全英国拉布拉多寻回犬的主人那里收集数据,包括有关疾病症状的信息,无论这些症状是否促使主人带狗狗去看兽医。2015年12月,该队列中有6084只年龄在6岁以下的狗狗,它们的主人分别报告了2687次腹泻和2601次呕吐情况。研究描述了呕吐和腹泻与其他症状同时出现的情况,并参照兽医问诊情况检查了这两种症状的发生频率和持续时间。描述了特定年龄的疾病发生率,并使用Cox比例风险模型来估计风险因素。腹泻报告中只有37%与看兽医有关,呕吐的这一比例更低,为28%;这表明对兽医诊疗数据的研究遗漏了大多数胃肠道不适症状。就频率和持续时间而言,腹泻通常需要持续两天狗主人才会带它去看兽医,但如果狗狗至少每6小时呕吐一次,主人在一天后就更有可能带它去看兽医。这两种症状的发病率在狗狗3至6个月大时达到峰值。这些事件也存在季节性模式,5月份两种症状的风险最低。腹泻事件每年8月至9月达到峰值,但虽然9月呕吐情况似乎较多,但呕吐峰值出现在2月。家里养了另一只狗与呕吐和腹泻的较低风险相关,但养猫仅与呕吐风险降低相关。除了明显的报告季节性模式外,这两种症状在地理风险上也存在明显差异。腹泻风险与英国境内的人口密度(根据家庭邮政编码)呈正相关,而呕吐则未发现显著的地理关联。这项研究对狗主人特别有意义,因为它凸显了狗狗身上大量的胃肠道疾病,这些疾病由主人处理,但兽医从未见过。风险因素分析利用了主人报告的人口统计信息,突出了呕吐和腹泻之间的差异。这些分析引发了一种可能性,即家庭中其他宠物的存在可能会影响疾病发生率,并为研究这些不同且常发的病症指明了新的调查方向。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7a42/5424887/1a99c77e193b/gr1.jpg

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