Kubota Tatsuya, Hasuike Akira, Ozawa Yasumasa, Yamamoto Takanobu, Tsunori Katsuyoshi, Yamada Yutaka, Sato Shuichi
Division of Applied Oral Sciences, Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.
J Periodontal Implant Sci. 2017 Apr;47(2):77-85. doi: 10.5051/jpis.2017.47.2.77. Epub 2017 Apr 29.
Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is the most widely used technique to regenerate and augment bones. Even though augmented bones (ABs) have been examined histologically in many studies, few studies have been conducted to examine the biological potential of these bones and the healing dynamics following their use. Moreover, whether the bone obtained from the GBR procedure possesses the same functions as the existing autogenous bone is uncertain. In particular, little attention has been paid to the regenerative ability of GBR bone. Therefore, the present study histologically evaluated the regenerative capacity of AB in the occlusive space of a rat guided bone augmentation (GBA) model.
The calvaria of 30 rats were exposed, and plastic caps were placed on the right of the calvaria in 10 of the 30 rats. After a 12-week healing phase, critical-sized calvarial bone defects (diameter: 5.0 mm) were trephined into the dorsal parietal bone on the left of the calvaria. Bone particles were harvested from the AB or the cortical bone (CB) using a bone scraper and transplanted into the critical defects.
The newly generated bone at the defects' edge was evaluated using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and histological sections. In the micro-CT analysis, the radiopacity in both the augmented and the CB groups remained high throughout the observational period. In the histological analysis, the closure rate of the CB was significantly higher than in the AB group. The numbers of cells positive for runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) in the AB group were larger than in the CB group.
The regenerative capacity of AB in the occlusive space of the rat GBA model was confirmed. Within the limitations of this study, the regenerative ability of the AB particulate transplant was inferior to that of the CB particulate transplant.
引导骨再生（GBR）是目前应用最广泛的骨再生和骨增量技术。尽管许多研究已对增量骨（ABs）进行了组织学检查，但很少有研究探讨这些骨的生物学潜能及其使用后的愈合动力学。此外，GBR手术获得的骨是否具有与现有的自体骨相同的功能尚不确定。特别是，GBR骨的再生能力很少受到关注。因此，本研究通过组织学方法评估了大鼠引导骨增量（GBA）模型封闭空间内AB的再生能力。
暴露30只大鼠的颅骨，在其中10只大鼠颅骨右侧放置塑料帽。经过12周的愈合期后，在颅骨左侧顶骨钻取直径为5.0 mm的临界大小颅骨骨缺损。使用骨刮匙从AB或皮质骨（CB）采集骨颗粒，并将其移植到临界缺损处。
使用显微计算机断层扫描（micro-CT）和组织学切片评估缺损边缘新生成的骨。在micro-CT分析中，在整个观察期内，增量组和CB组的不透射线性均保持较高水平。在组织学分析中，CB组的封闭率显著高于AB组。AB组中与 runt 相关转录因子2（Runx2）和抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶（TRAP）阳性的细胞数量多于CB组。
证实了大鼠GBA模型封闭空间内AB的再生能力。在本研究的局限性范围内，AB颗粒移植的再生能力低于CB颗粒移植。
