学童注意力不集中及多动冲动问题发展轨迹的气质性预测因素。
Temperamental predictors of developmental trajectories of inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity problems in schoolchildren.
作者信息
Lee Soo Jin, Park Soo-Hyun, Jeong Ansuk, Chae Han, Oh Kyungja
机构信息
Department of Psychotherapy, Kyungil University, Gyeongsan, Korea.
Department of Psychology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
出版信息
Integr Med Res. 2017 Mar;6(1):33-40. doi: 10.1016/j.imr.2016.11.002. Epub 2017 Jan 9.
BACKGROUND
The current study aimed to examine the temperamental predictors of developmental trajectory subgroups of children's inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity problems through a short-term longitudinal study.
METHODS
Children ( = 1344) were divided into younger (age 6-8 years) and older (age 9-11 years) groups in order to observe changes in inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity problems. Inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity problems were measured three times at 5-month intervals and Cloninger's four temperaments (novelty seeking, harm avoidance, reward dependence, and persistence) were examined on the first occasion only. A cohort sequential design and growth mixture model were used for investigating trajectory subgroups and multiple logistic regression analysis to examine the temperamental predictors.
RESULTS
Developmental trajectories of inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity showed different subgroupings depending on the age group of children. Temperament (high score on novelty seeking and low score on persistence as well as high score on reward dependence) and gender predicted the likelihood of belonging to high-risk versus low-risk subgroups.
CONCLUSION
Suggestions taking into account the predictors of developmental trajectories in inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity problems for future research are discussed along with the limitations of the current study.
背景
本研究旨在通过短期纵向研究，探讨儿童注意力不集中和多动冲动问题发展轨迹亚组的气质预测因素。
方法
将1344名儿童分为较年幼组（6 - 8岁）和较年长组（9 - 11岁），以观察注意力不集中和多动冲动问题的变化。注意力不集中和多动冲动问题每隔5个月测量一次，共测量三次，仅在首次测量时考察了克隆宁格的四种气质类型（寻求新奇、避免伤害、奖赏依赖和坚持性）。采用队列序列设计和生长混合模型来研究轨迹亚组，并通过多元逻辑回归分析来检验气质预测因素。
结果
根据儿童的年龄组，注意力不集中和多动冲动的发展轨迹呈现出不同的亚组划分。气质（寻求新奇得分高、坚持性得分低以及奖赏依赖得分高）和性别预测了属于高风险亚组与低风险亚组的可能性。
结论
讨论了在未来研究中考虑注意力不集中和多动冲动问题发展轨迹预测因素的建议以及本研究的局限性。
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