Zweckverband Landeswasserversorgung, Laboratory for Operation Control and Research, Am Spitzigen Berg 1, 89129, Langenau, Germany.
Environ Monit Assess. 2017 Jun;189(6):244. doi: 10.1007/s10661-017-5953-z. Epub 2017 May 1.
A comprehensive monitoring programme of trace organic chemicals (TOrC) was conducted for a German water protection area in karstic ground. The aim of this survey was to detect the potential anthropogenic influences of point sources such as wastewater treatment plants and diffuse pollution such as runoff water from roads on the raw water used for drinking water treatment. The programme comprised seven sampling campaigns within 2 years each with up to 20 sampling sites. In total, the programme included 84 anthropogenic compounds from pharmaceuticals, iodinated X-ray contrast media, sweeteners, industrial chemicals (benzotriazoles, melamines and benzothiazoles) and pesticide metabolites. Cyclamate occurred with the highest median concentration of 44 μg l in untreated wastewater and acesulfame occurred with a concentration of 20 μg l in treated wastewater. In runoff water from roads, the most relevant compounds were tolyltriazole with 2.3 μg l and the desphenyl-chloridazon with 1.2 μg l. In the stream waters, the highest median concentrations were found for melamine and acesulfame both at 0.61 μg l. High elimination during conventional wastewater treatment was observed for 5 out of 49 compounds. These are acetyl-sulfamethoxazole, aciclovir, cyclamate, ibuprofen and saccharin. Based on the survey results, we propose a set of nine compounds to be used as indicators for wastewater, untreated wastewater and runoff water from roads for an efficient surveillance. The indicators are intended to detect anthropogenic influences in surface, ground and drinking water.
一项针对德国喀斯特地区水源地痕量有机化学品（TOrC）的综合监测计划已经展开。本次调查旨在检测废水处理厂等点源和道路径流等面源对饮用水处理原水的潜在人为影响。该计划包括 2 年内进行的 7 次采样活动，每次采样活动有多达 20 个采样点。该计划共包括 84 种人为化合物，来自于药品、碘造影剂、甜味剂、工业化学品（苯并三唑、三聚氰胺和苯并噻唑）和农药代谢物。在未经处理的废水中，环己胺的浓度最高，中位数为 44μg/L；在处理后的废水中，乙酰磺胺酸钾的浓度最高，为 20μg/L。在道路径流水中，最重要的化合物是甲苯三唑，浓度为 2.3μg/L，其次是去甲氯丹，浓度为 1.2μg/L。在溪流水中，三聚氰胺和乙酰磺胺酸钾的浓度最高，均为 0.61μg/L。有 5 种化合物（乙酰磺胺甲恶唑、阿昔洛韦、环胺、布洛芬和糖精）在常规废水处理中被高度去除。根据调查结果，我们提出了一组 9 种化合物，用作废水、未经处理的废水和道路径流的指示物，以进行有效的监测。这些指示物旨在检测地表水、地下水和饮用水中的人为影响。
