Zoroddu Maria A, Medici Serenella, Peana Massimiliano, Nurchi Valeria M, Lachowicz Joanna I, Laulicht-Glickc Freda, Costa Max
Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari. Italy.
Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari. Italy.
Curr Med Chem. 2018;25(1):65-74. doi: 10.2174/0929867324666170428105603.
Tungsten or wolfram was regarded for many years as an enemy within the tin smelting and mining industry, because it conferred impurity or dirtiness in tin mining. However, later it was considered an amazing metal for its strength and flexibility, together with its diamond like hardness and its melting point which is the highest of any metal. It was first believed to be relatively inert and an only slightly toxic metal. Since early 2000, the risk exerted by tungsten alloys, its dusts and particulates to induce cancer and several other adverse effects in animals as well as humans has been highlighted from in vitro and in vivo experiments. Thus, it becomes necessary to take a careful look at all the most recent data reported in the scientific literature, covering the years 2001-2016. In fact, the findings indicate that much more attention should be devoted to thoroughly investigate the toxic effects of tungsten and the involved mechanisms of tungsten metal or tungsten metal ions.
多年来，钨一直被视为锡冶炼和采矿业中的“敌人”，因为它会给锡矿开采带来杂质或污染。然而，后来人们认为它是一种神奇的金属，具有强度和柔韧性，兼具类似钻石的硬度以及所有金属中最高的熔点。它最初被认为相对惰性，且毒性较小。自21世纪初以来，体外和体内实验都凸显了钨合金及其粉尘和颗粒对动物及人类诱发癌症和其他一些不良反应的风险。因此，有必要仔细审视科学文献中报道的2001年至2016年的所有最新数据。事实上，研究结果表明，应该更加关注深入研究钨的毒性作用以及钨金属或钨金属离子的相关作用机制。
