Polivy Janet
University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
J Eat Disord. 2017 Apr 27;5:18. doi: 10.1186/s40337-017-0148-0. eCollection 2017.
People seem to have a basic drive to assess the correctness of their opinions, abilities, and emotions. Without absolute indicators of these qualities, people rely on a comparison of themselves with others. Social comparison theory can be applied to eating behavior. For example, restrained eaters presented with a standard slice of pizza ate more of a subsequent food if they thought that they had gotten a bigger slice of pizza than others (i.e., had broken their diets), whereas unrestrained eaters ate less. Social influences on eating such as modeling and impression formation also rely on comparison of one's own eating to others. Comparing one's food to others' meals generally influences eating, affect, and satisfaction.
人们似乎有一种基本的驱动力，去评估自己观点、能力和情绪的正确性。由于缺乏这些特质的绝对指标，人们会通过与他人比较来评判自己。社会比较理论可应用于饮食行为。例如，节食者面前有一片标准尺寸的披萨，如果他们认为自己拿到的披萨比别人的更大（即打破了节食计划），那么在吃后续食物时会吃得更多，而不节食的人则吃得更少。诸如模仿和印象形成等社会对饮食的影响也依赖于将自己的饮食与他人进行比较。将自己的食物与他人的饭菜进行比较通常会影响饮食、情绪和满意度。
