Milan Alberto, Avenatti Eleonora, Naso Diego, Veglio Franco
Department of Medical Science, Division of Internal Medicine, Hypertension Unit, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
J Cardiovasc Echogr. 2013 Oct-Dec;23(4):102-105. doi: 10.4103/2211-4122.127411.
Management of aortic aneurismatic disease is often care of specialists, from vascular to cardiac surgeons. However, initial diagnosis and management are not unfrequently responsibility of an emergency staff as the disease presentation may be dramatically acute. Thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA) in particular have a silent clinical history until they become evident with dissection or rupture with a high global mortality rate. The importance of a rapid diagnosis and of correct management in such a subsetting is clear, but recent guidelines where published with the declared rationale of emphasizing the importance of an early detection of the disease. The goal is to reduce morbidity and mortality and improvement of quality of life of such patients. We present a case of successfully managed asymptomatic giant proximal aortic aneurysm in a healthy young man. On a routine transthoracic echocardiogram, severe dilatation of the proximal aorta was detected, with severe aortic regurgitation in a normal tricuspid valve determining left ventricle (LV) dilatation and impaired contractility. Computed tomography scan was scheduled, confirming the findings and open heart surgery performed within 1 week. Clinical and echocardiographical follow-up was started; after 2 months imaging studies showed good surgical results with well-functioning, non-regurgitant prosthetic aortic valve and initial recovery of left ventricular dilatation; at the last control, 14 months later, LV mass and dimensions where markedly improved, with no more signs of hypertrophy nor dilatation. TAA needs a rapid diagnosis and appropriate management. Clinicians should be aware of proper diagnostic tools and of applicable therapeutic strategies in order to grant the better assistance to the patient. In this setting, the role of echocardiography remains pivotal.
主动脉瘤疾病的管理通常由专科医生负责,从血管外科医生到心脏外科医生。然而,由于疾病表现可能极为急性,初始诊断和管理常常是急诊人员的职责。特别是胸主动脉瘤(TAA),在发生夹层或破裂变得明显之前,临床症状往往不明显,总体死亡率很高。在这种情况下快速诊断和正确管理的重要性显而易见,但最近发布的指南宣称其基本原理是强调早期发现该疾病的重要性。目标是降低此类患者的发病率和死亡率,并改善其生活质量。我们报告一例健康年轻男性无症状巨大近端主动脉瘤成功管理的病例。在常规经胸超声心动图检查中,发现近端主动脉严重扩张,正常三尖瓣伴有严重主动脉反流,导致左心室(LV)扩张和收缩功能受损。安排了计算机断层扫描,证实了这些发现,并在1周内进行了心脏直视手术。开始了临床和超声心动图随访;2个月后影像学检查显示手术效果良好,人工主动脉瓣功能良好且无反流,左心室扩张初步恢复;在最后一次复查时,即14个月后,左心室质量和尺寸明显改善,不再有肥厚或扩张的迹象。胸主动脉瘤需要快速诊断和适当管理。临床医生应了解适当的诊断工具和适用的治疗策略,以便为患者提供更好的帮助。在这种情况下,超声心动图的作用仍然至关重要。